目的 总结新生儿静脉血栓的临床特征、诊断及治疗转归。 方法 回顾性分析2019年1月—2024年9月安徽省儿童医院新生儿科收治的11例新生儿静脉血栓的临床资料，对其临床特征进行总结，分析患儿的诊治过程及转归。 结果 11例诊断静脉血栓的新生儿中，男婴5例，早产儿6例，中位胎龄为35⁺⁶周，出生体重为（2 322±1 069）g，入院体温为（36.6±0.4）℃，中位发病日龄为6 d。11例患儿中8例肢体静脉血栓及1例门静脉血栓由血管超声确诊，2例颅内静脉窦血栓形成由磁共振成像确诊。10例接受低分子肝素钙抗凝，疗程为（24±15）d，2例使用尿激酶溶栓，4例输注新鲜冰冻血浆。7例患儿出院前复查提示血栓消失；2例出院前复查提示血栓缩小，其中1例继续门诊治疗至血栓消失停药，1例随访过程中消失；1例患儿于我院治疗1 d后转入外院继续治疗，复查血栓缩小后出院。所有患儿均未见出血等不良反应。1例患儿因入院已发生脑梗死，未予肝素抗凝治疗，门诊随访中。 结论 血管超声是新生儿静脉血栓最常用的诊断方法，肝素抗凝是目前临床最推荐的治疗方式。新生儿静脉血栓总体预后良好。

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes of neonatal venous thrombosis. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 11 neonates with venous thrombosis admitted to the Department of Neonatology of Anhui Children's Hospital from January 2019 to September 2024. The clinical characteristics, diagnostic approaches, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed. Results Among the 11 neonates diagnosed with venous thrombosis, 5 were male, and 6 were preterm infants, with a median gestational age of 35⁺⁶ weeks, birth weight of (2 322±1 069) g, and admission temperature of (36.6±0.4)°C. The median age at symptom onset was 6 days. Of the 11 cases, 8 limb venous thromboses and 1 portal vein thrombosis were confirmed by vascular ultrasound, and 2 cases of intracranial venous sinus thrombosis were confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. Ten cases received low molecular weight heparin for anticoagulation, with a treatment duration of (24±15) days; 2 cases were treated with urokinase thrombolysis, and 4 cases received fresh frozen plasma transfusion. Thrombosis resolved in 7 cases before discharge. Partial resolution occurred in 2 cases before discharge (1 continued outpatient treatment until resolution and 1 resolved during follow-up). One case was transferred to another hospital after 1 day of treatment and was discharged after thrombosis reduction. No adverse reactions such as bleeding were observed. One neonate with cerebral infarction at admission did not receive heparin anticoagulation and was followed up as an outpatient. Conclusions Vascular ultrasound is the most commonly used diagnostic method for neonatal venous thrombosis. Heparin anticoagulation is the recommended treatment. The overall prognosis of neonatal venous thrombosis is favorable.