基于液相色谱质谱法对儿童支气管哮喘脂质分析的前瞻性研究

冯特; 谢利娜; 张玉会; 郭燕军

doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411112

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中国当代儿科杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (6) : 716-722. DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411112

论著·临床研究

基于液相色谱质谱法对儿童支气管哮喘脂质分析的前瞻性研究

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Lipid analysis in children with bronchial asthma based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: a prospective study

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摘要

目的探索支气管哮喘（简称哮喘）患儿的脂质组学特征并寻找潜在的哮喘生物标志物。方法前瞻性地纳入26例哮喘患儿作为哮喘组，20例健康儿童作为健康对照组。根据IgE水平将哮喘组分为特应性亚组（13例）和非特应性亚组（13例）。采用液相色谱质谱法检测两组血清脂质代谢物，并对数据进行统计分析和可视化。结果 46例儿童共检出1 435种脂质，主要为甘油磷脂（625/1 435，43.55%）。哮喘组和健康对照组的血清脂质谱存在明显代谢差异。共筛选出12种具显著性差异的脂质，受试者操作特征曲线分析显示，磷脂酰丝氨酸（phosphatidylserine, PS）（18∶0/20∶4）、神经酰胺（ceramide, Cer）（c16∶0）对哮喘的诊断价值最高（P<0.05）。特应性亚组的PS（18∶0/20∶4）和PS（18∶0/22∶6）相对丰度高于非特应性亚组（P<0.05），且与哮喘患儿的总IgE水平呈正相关（分别r=0.675、0.740，P<0.05）。结论哮喘患儿存在显著的脂质代谢紊乱，主要表现为甘油磷脂代谢异常。其中，PS（18∶0/20∶4）和Cer（c16∶0）水平变化具有特异性，可作为潜在的哮喘诊断生物标志物。并且，PS（18∶0/20∶4）和PS（18∶0/22∶6）水平与血清总IgE水平呈正相关关系，提示其可能参与哮喘的免疫调节过程。

Abstract

Objective To explore the lipidomic characteristics of children with bronchial asthma (hereafter referred to as asthma) and identify potential biomarkers for asthma. Methods A total of 26 asthmatic children were prospectively enrolled as the asthma group, and 20 healthy children served as the healthy control group. The asthma group was further divided into atopic (n=13) and non-atopic (n=13) subgroups based on IgE levels. Serum lipid metabolites were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, followed by statistical analysis and data visualization. Results A total of 1 435 lipids were detected in the 46 children, primarily glycerophospholipids (625/1 435, 43.55%). Significant differences were observed in serum lipid profiles between the asthma and control groups. Twelve significantly differential lipids were identified, with receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showing that phosphatidylserine (PS)(18:0/20:4) and ceramide (Cer)(c16:0) exhibited the highest diagnostic value for asthma. The relative abundances of PS(18:0/20:4) and PS(18:0/22:6) were higher in the atopic subgroup than in the non-atopic subgroup (P<0.05) and positively correlated with total IgE levels in asthmatic children (r=0.675 and 0.740, respectively; P<0.05). Conclusions Asthmatic children exhibit significant lipid metabolic disturbances, primarily characterized by abnormal glycerophospholipid metabolism. Among these, PS(18:0/20:4) and Cer(c16:0) demonstrate specific alterations and may serve as potential diagnostic biomarkers for asthma. Furthermore, the positive correlation between PS(18:0/20:4) and PS(18:0/22:6) levels and serum total IgE suggests their possible involvement in immune regulation in asthma.

导出引用

冯特, 谢利娜, 张玉会, 等. 基于液相色谱质谱法对儿童支气管哮喘脂质分析的前瞻性研究[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志. 2025, 27(6): 716-722 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411112

Te FENG, Li-Na XIE, Yu-Hui ZHANG, et al. Lipid analysis in children with bronchial asthma based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: a prospective study[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2025, 27(6): 716-722 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2411112

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