惊厥作为新生儿科常见临床急症，不仅可能诱发严重并发症，还直接影响患儿神经发育预后。对于基层医护人员而言，如何规范开展急诊处理、精准实施临床诊治，以及准确把握转诊适应证，均是亟待解决的关键临床问题。为了帮助基层医护人员及时识别及规范管理新生儿惊厥，中华医学会儿科学分会新生儿学组牵头，组织专家整合最新的新生儿惊厥的临床研究进展，通过充分讨论，制定了《基层医疗卫生机构常见新生儿疾病诊疗指南：新生儿惊厥（2025年）》。该指南针对基层医护人员，对于新生儿惊厥的9个常见临床问题，形成了17条推荐意见。

Seizures are common clinical emergencies in neonatology, potentially leading to severe complications and directly impacting the neurodevelopmental prognosis of the infants with this condition. For primary healthcare providers, key clinical challenges include standardized emergency management, precise clinical diagnosis and treatment, and accurate assessment of referral indications. To assist primary healthcare providers in the prompt identification and standardized management of neonatal seizures, the Subspecialty Group of Neonatology, Society of Pediatrics, Chinese Medical Association organized a panel of experts to develop the "Guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of common neonatal diseases in primary healthcare institutions: neonatal seizures (2025)", based on the latest clinical evidence and expert consensus. This guideline provides primary healthcare providers with 17 recommendations addressing nine common clinical questions in neonatal seizures.