人工智能在新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎辅助诊疗中的研究进展

姜齐; 张莉

doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2503023

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中国当代儿科杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10) : 1281-1285. DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2503023

综述

人工智能在新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎辅助诊疗中的研究进展

姜齐 ¹ (综述) ,
张莉 ² (审校)

作者信息 +

Recent advances in artificial intelligence for auxiliary diagnosis and management of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

Qi JIANG ¹ ,
Li ZHANG ²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

坏死性小肠结肠炎（necrotizing enterocolitis, NEC）是一种严重威胁新生儿生命的疾病，其发病机制与早产、低出生体重、缺氧、感染、免疫异常等多种因素相关。近年来，人工智能因其优秀的数据处理与诊断能力，在疾病诊断领域得到广泛应用。在NEC辅助诊疗中，人工智能可通过分析临床数据及影像学结果，应用于早期识别、鉴别诊断、治疗决策制定及预后评估等方面，为临床诊疗提供辅助。该文综述近年来人工智能和机器学习算法在NEC辅助诊疗中的应用进展，比较各类算法的特点与侧重点，为其在该领域的进一步应用提供参考。

Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening gastrointestinal disease of neonates with a multifactorial pathogenesis involving prematurity, low birth weight, hypoxia, infection, and immune dysregulation. Owing to its superior data processing and diagnostic capabilities, artificial intelligence (AI) has been increasingly applied to support clinical care. By analyzing clinical and imaging data, AI approaches can aid in early identification, differential diagnosis, treatment decision-making, and prognostic evaluation, thereby complementing clinician judgment. This review summarizes recent advances in the application of AI and machine learning for NEC diagnosis and management, comparing the characteristics and strengths of different algorithms. The aim is to provide a reference for further development and implementation of AI-assisted tools in this field.

导出引用

姜齐, 张莉. 人工智能在新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎辅助诊疗中的研究进展[J]. 中国当代儿科杂志. 2025, 27(10): 1281-1285 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2503023

Qi JIANG, Li ZHANG. Recent advances in artificial intelligence for auxiliary diagnosis and management of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2025, 27(10): 1281-1285 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2503023

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