儿童炎症性肠病（inflammatory bowel disease, IBD）发病率逐年上升，亚洲地区早发型病例比例尤为突出。糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂等传统治疗手段疗效有限且不良反应显著，而生物制剂的应用已大幅改善患儿缓解率及生活质量。治疗药物监测（therapeutic drug monitoring, TDM）通过评估药物谷浓度和抗药抗体水平，可实现个体化剂量优化，降低药物免疫原性并延长使用持续性。但TDM仍面临标准化不足、儿童特异性浓度阈值缺乏等问题。该文综述生物制剂及TDM在儿童IBD中的研究进展，为儿童IBD精准治疗提供参考。

The incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is rising, with an especially high proportion of early-onset cases in Asia. Conventional treatments such as glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants have limited efficacy and notable adverse effects, whereas biologic therapies substantially improve remission rates and quality of life. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), by assessing trough concentrations and anti-drug antibodies, enables individualized dose optimization, reduces immunogenicity, and prolongs treatment persistence. However, challenges remain, including insufficient standardization and the lack of pediatric-specific concentration thresholds. This review summarizes recent advances in biologics and TDM in pediatric IBD to inform precision treatment.