毒蕈类毒素和鱼胆类毒素是最典型的食物天然毒素。毒蕈类毒素对肾脏的损害，按照临床表现分为早发型、迟发型和缓发型；鱼胆类毒素主要是导致急性肾小管坏死。食物污染性肾损害包括化学性污染和生物性污染。“毒奶粉”导致的泌尿系结石、肾衰竭是典型的食物化学性污染事件；“毒黄瓜”事件的罪魁祸首为出血性大肠杆菌，造成3 493人患溶血尿毒综合征。目前食物链的污染正从陆地到海洋到天空，要阻止人类食物链的污染需要全社会的努力。
Abstract
Mushroom and fish bile toxins are the most representative toxins of food origin. According to the clinical manifestations, renal injury caused by mushroom toxins can be divided into early-, late-, and delayed-onset. Fish bile toxins mainly cause acute renal tubular necrosis and food contamination related to renal injury includes chemical and biological contamination. Urinary calculus and renal failure caused by "poisonous milk powder" is a typical, food-related chemical contamination event. E.coli contaminated cucumber caused hemolytic uremic syndrome in 3 493 people. Contamination of the food chain is spreading from land to sea and to sky. It requires the efforts of the whole society to prevent human food chain contamination.
关键词
食品 /
毒素 /
污染 /
肾损害 /
儿童
Key words
Food /
Toxin /
Contamination /
Renal injury /
Child
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参考文献
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