目的 研究丙酮酸脱氢酶缺乏症发病分子遗传学机制,从基因水平诊断丙酮酸脱氢酶缺乏症,为遗传咨询和产前基因诊断提供依据。方法 对临床表现及实验室检查符合丙酮酸脱氢酶缺乏症的1例患儿采用PCR法对PDHA1基因的11个外显子及外显子交界区进行扩增,并通过对扩增产物直接测序检测突变。采用生物信息学方法对新突变进行氨基酸保守型分析,预测蛋白二、三级结构,鉴定其致病性。结果 先症者PDHA1基因第11外显子出现小片段重复突变,即c.1111_1158dup48bp,为新发突变。50例正常对照直接测序均未检测到c.1111_1158dup48bp突变。蛋白质二级、三级结构预测结果显示：新突变c.1111_1158dup48bp引起Ser371_Phe386的16个氨基酸重复,导致蛋白质二、三级结构发生明显变化,而正常对照无此变化。结论 PDHA1基因c.1111_1158dup48bp重复突变不是多态性变异,可能是一种新的致病性突变,导致丙酮酸脱氢酶缺乏症的发病。

Objective To study the molecular genetic mechanism and genetic diagnosis of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency (PHD), and to provide a basis for genetic counseling and prenatal genetic diagnosis of PHD. Methods Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify the 11 exons and exon junction of the PDHA1 gene from a child who was diagnosed with PHD based on clinical characteristics and laboratory examination results. The PCR products were sequenced to determine the mutation. An analysis of amino acid conservation and prediction of protein secondary and tertiary structure were performed using bioinformatic approaches to identify the pathogenicity of the novel mutation. Results One novel duplication mutation, c.1111_1158dup48bp, was found in the exon 11 of the PDHA1 gene of the patient. No c.1111_1158dup48bp mutation was detected in the sequencing results from 50 normal controls. The results of protein secondary and tertiary structure prediction showed that the novel mutation c.1111 _1158dup48bp led to the duplication of 16 amino acids residues, serine371 to phenylalanine386, which induced a substantial change in protein secondary and tertiary structure. The conformational change was not detected in the normal controls. Conclusions The novel duplication mutation c.1111_1158dup48bp in the PDHA1 gene is not due to gene polymorphisms but a possible novel pathogenic mutation for PHD.