目的 调查分析家属在自体母乳库运行的非医院环节中的依从性.方法 于2014 年9 月采用问卷调查了解住院新生儿家属转送母乳进行喂养的意愿、对母乳喂养支持系统效果评价,并对转送过程中非医院环节的依从性进行监管,改进宣教后于2015 年9 月再次发放问卷进行上述问题的调查.结果 共发放问卷340 份,回收有效问卷338 份,按照问卷发放年限分为2014 年组(n=229)及2015 年组(n=109).2014 年组产妇年龄以20~30 岁为主,2015 年组以30~40 岁为主.2015 年组产妇分娩于四川大学华西第二医院的比例高于2014 年组(61.6% vs 74.3%,P<0.05).2015 年组母乳不足时家属得到指导的比例高于2014 年组(91.7% vs79.9%,P<0.05).两组家属在母乳采集、贮存及转送过程中均有较好的依从性,在执行手卫生、严格进行器具消毒、使用专门清洁的冰箱等方面的依从性差异均无统计学意义.2015 年组严格按照流程转送的比例高于2014 年组(100% vs 87.1%,P<0.05).结论 宣教手段改良前后的大多数家属均能较好遵从健康宣教内容,严格执行母乳采集、贮存及转送过程中的要求.

Objective To investigate the parents' compliance in non-hospital settings during the operation of expressed breast milk bank. Methods In September 2014, a questionnaire survey was carried out to investigate the parents' willingness about feeding the inpatient neonates with maternal expressed breast milk, to evaluate the effectiveness of the breast milk feeding supporting system, and to monitor the compliance in non-hospital settings during the delivery of maternal expressed breast milk. Improvements in education were made according to the results. A second survey was done in September 2015. Results A total of 340 questionnaires were sent out, and 338 usable questionnaires were returned. According to the time when the questionnaires were sent out, they were divided into two groups: 2014 group (n=229) and 2015 group (n=109). The age of most mothers was 20-30 years in the 2014 group and 30-40 years in the 2015 group. Most mothers delivered at the West China Second Hospital of Sichuan University in both groups, but the 2015 group had a significantly higher proportion than the 2014 group (74.3% vs 61.6%; P<0.05). Guidance was given to mothers in the presence of insufficient breast milk production in both groups, but the 2015 group had a significantly higher proportion than the 2014 group (91.7% vs 79.9%; P<0.05). Both groups had good family compliance in the collection, storage, and transport of breast milk. There were no significant differences in their compliance with washing hands, sterilizing instruments, and using a clean special refrigerator between the two groups. The expressed breast milk was transported strictly according to the procedure in both groups, but the 2015 group had a significantly higher proportion than the 2014 group (100% vs 87.1%; P<0.05). Conclusions Before and after improvements in the health education, most parents have good compliance in the collection, storage, and transport of breast milk.