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晚期早产儿早期智能发育结局的研究
Early intellectual developmental outcome of late preterm infants
目的 探讨晚期早产儿 （LPI）早期智能发育结局。方法 选择2012年1月至2015年1月新生儿病房收治的出生胎龄34~36+6周、治愈出院并定期规律随访的106例早产儿为晚期早产儿组；随机抽取同期120例健康足月儿 （FPI）为对照组。对校正年龄40周的晚期早产儿及40周龄的足月儿进行新生儿神经行为测定 （NBNA），晚期早产儿校正龄3、6、12月龄或者足月儿3、6、12月龄时采用Gesell发育量表进行评估。结果 LPI组NBNA评分低于37分，低于FTI组 （P < 0.05）。校正龄3月龄时，LPI组大运动、精细运动、个人社交落后于FTI组 （P < 0.05）；校正龄6月龄时，LPI组适应性、大运动、精细运动落后于FTI组 （P < 0.05）；校正年龄12月龄时，LPI组适应性、大运动、个人社交测评明显低于FTI组 （P < 0.05）。结论 晚期早产儿早期智能发育迟缓，需加强神经发育监测。
Objective To investigate the early intellectual developmental outcome of late preterm infants. Methods A total of 106 late preterm infants with a gestational age of 34-36+6 weeks who were admitted to the neonatal ward between January 2012 and January 2015, cured, discharged, and regularly followed up at the outpatient service for high-risk children were enrolled as the preterm group. A total of 120 healthy full-term infants during the same period were randomly selected as the term group. Neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) was performed for late preterm infants at a corrected gestational age of 40 weeks and full-term infants at a gestational age of 40 weeks. The Gesell Developmental Scale was used for late preterm infants at a corrected age of 3, 6, and 12 months and full-term infants at an age of 3, 6, and 12 months. Results The preterm group had an NBNA score of < 37 and a significantly lower NBNA score than the term group (P < 0.05). At the corrected age of 3 months, the preterm group had significantly lower scores of gross motor, fine motor, and social competence than the term group (P < 0.05). At the corrected age of 6 months, the preterm group had significantly lower scores of adaptability, gross motor, and fine motor than the term group (P < 0.05). At the corrected age of 12 months, the preterm group had significantly lower scores of adaptability, gross motor, and social competence than the term group (P < 0.05). Conclusions Late preterm infants have early intellectual developmental delay. It is necessary to perform neurodevelopmental monitoring for late preterm infants.
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广东省科技厅科技计划项目（2012B061700010）。
