Abstract：Objective To study brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia using short auditory stimuli (60 dBnHL), and to investigate the differences in the inter-aural latency difference (ILD) of wave V between neonates with different total serum bilirubin (TSB) levels. Methods A prospective study was conducted in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Yuhuan People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, from May 2019 to October 2020. The neonates were divided into a severe group (n=50) and a mild group (n=50) according to their TSB levels. The mild group was divided into two subgroups: 7-10 days (n=20) and 11-14 days (n=20) according to their age. ILD was compared between the neonates with different TSB levels, and its diagnostic value was analyzed. Results Compared with the mild group, the severe group had significantly higher proportions of neonates with abnormal hearing threshold and abnormal ILD (P < 0.05) and a significantly larger ILD of wave V (P < 0.05). The latency of wave V (left ear) in the 7-10 days subgroup was significantly longer than that in the 11-14 days subgroup (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the ILD of wave V between the two groups (P > 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed that ILD had predictive value for hearing impairment caused by neonatal hyperbilirubinemia (P < 0.05), with an area under the ROC curve of 0.727 as well as a sensitivity of 52.4% and a specificity of 90.9% at the optimal cut-off value of 0.365 ms. Conclusions Serum bilirubin in neonates affects the ILD of BAEP wave V, especially in those with severe hyperbilirubinemia. ILD at the optimal cut-off value of ≥0.4 ms shows potential value in the diagnosis of hearing impairment caused by neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
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