目的：了解早产儿脑室周围强回声区（PVE）分度与脑室周围白质囊性变发生率及囊性变出现时间的关系。方法：对2005年2月至2008年5月间该院新生儿重症监护室住院超声诊断为PVE的120例早产儿（平均胎龄为32周，平均出生体重2 230 g）进行回顾性单元分析研究。结果：① 诊断为PVEⅠ度52例（43％），PVEⅡ度42例（35％），PVEⅢ度26例（22％），PVE分度与出生体重密切相关，与胎龄无关。②120例早产儿脑白质囊性变发生率24％(29/120)，PVEⅢ度囊性变发生率65％，Ⅱ度囊性变发生率21％，PVEⅢ度囊性变发生率明显高于PVEⅡ度。③囊性变出现的时间各不相同，PVEⅢ度组囊性变出现的时间明显早于PVEⅡ度组。结论：PVE分度与脑室周围白质囊性变出现的时间及囊性变发生率密切相关，因此对不同程度的PVE动态监测囊性变有不同的侧重点。［中国当代儿科杂志，2009，11（2）：104-106］

OBJECTIVE: To understand the relationship of the grading of periventricular echodensities (PVE) with the morbidity and the occurrence time of periventricular white matter cystic lesions in preterm infants. METHODS: A retrospective, single-centre cohort study of 120 preterm infants with PVE diagnosed by ultrasonography between February 2005 and May 2008 was performed. The infants had a median gestational age of 32 weeks and a median birth weight of 2 230 g. RESULTS: Fifty-two infants (43%) were diagnosed as having PVE I, 42 infants (35%) having PVE II, and 26 infants (22%) having PVE III. The grading of PVE was closely related to birth weight, but not with gestational age. The total morbidity of periventricular white matter cystic lesions was 24% (29/120). The morbidity of the cystic lesions in PVE III patients (65%) was significantly higher than that in PVE II patients (21%) (P<0.01). The PVE III patients developed the cystic lesions earlier than the PVE II patients. CONCLUSIONS: The grading of PVE is closely related to the morbidity and the occurrence time of periventricular white matter cystic lesions in preterm infants.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2009, 11 (2):104-106］