Objective To explore the effect of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on the expression of chemokine receptors in T lymphocytes in vitro.METHODS: Mouse bone marrow MSCs were separated with Percoll, cultured and expanded in low glucose DMEM. C57BL/6 mouse slpeenocytes were cultured in the 24-hole flasks by the density of 1×106/hole. Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) was then added to the holes and cultured for 72 hrs. This study consisted of three groups. Groups A and B were co-cultured by adding MSCs as the ratio of 0.1 and 0.01 to slpeenocytes respectively. The control group was cultured without MSCs. Three days later the suspended spleenocytes were harvested for detecting the expression of three chemokine receptors CXCR3, CCR5 and CCR7 in T lymphocytes by the flow cytometry. RESULTS: The expression of CD3+CCR5+ and CD3+CCR7+ were statistically different among the three groups. Group A had the strongest expression, followed by group B and the control group. The expression of CD3+CXCR3+ in group A was statistically higher than that in group B and the control group. ConclusionsMSCs could up-regulate the expression of chemokine receptors CXCR3, CCR5 and CCR7 in T lymphocytes stimulated by PHA.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2007, 9 (6):571-573］