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2010 Vol.  12 No.  07
Published: 2010-07-15
CLINICAL RESEARCH
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
CASE REPORT
REVIEW
CLINICAL RESEARCH
513 XU Ming-Guo, MEN Li-Na, WANG Hai-Xia, Zu Ying, ZHAO Chun-Yu, ZHAO Xia, CAI Hua-Bo, MENG Xiang-Chun, WANG Tao
Decreased circulating endothelial progenitor cell function: relationship with serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in children with Kawasaki disease
OBJECTIVE: To study the function of circulating endothelial progenitor cells and its relationship with serum concentrations of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) in children with Kawasaki disease. METHODS: Ten children with Kawasaki disease and ten healthy children as a control group were enrolled. The peripheral mononuclear cells were induced into endothelial progenitor cells using Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium containing vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. The proliferative ability, migratory ability and adhesive ability of endothelial progenitor cells were assessed by MTT methods, modified Boyden chamber methods and cell culture plate adhesion method, respectively. The concentrations of serum Hs-CRP were measured by latex enhanced turbidimetric immunoassay. RESULTS: The proliferative ability, migratory ability and adhesive ability of endothelial progenitor cells in the Kawasaki disease group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The serum concentrations of Hs-CRP in the Kawasaki disease group were significantly higher than those in the control group (87.1±30.2 mg/L vs 5.3±3.4 mg/L; P<0.01). The function of circulating endothelial progenitor cells was negatively correlated with serum concentrations of Hs-CRP in the Kawasaki disease group. CONCLUSIONS: The function of circulating endothelial progenitor cells is decreased in children with Kawasaki disease, which may be associated with the abnormal expression of inflammatory mediators.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):513-517］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 513-517 [Abstract] ( 5509 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1236KB] ( 1890 )
518 GAO Jie, WANG Hong-Yang, WU Nai-Jun, ZHANG Shu-Hua
Relationship between fibrinogen Bβ-148C/T polymorphism and coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease
OBJECTIVE: To study the possible relationship between coronary artery lesions and fibrinogen Bβ-148 C/T polymorphism in children with Kawasaki disease. METHODS: Fast blood samples were taken from 36 children with Kawasaki disease (21 had coronary artery lesions) and 49 age-and gender-matched healthy children (control group). Plasma levels and molecular reactivity of fibrinogen were measured with Assist Plasma Fibrinogen Activity Assay System. Polymerize chain reaction and restriction enzyme digestion were used to detect the genotypes of fibrinogen Bβ-148C/T gene polymorphism. RESULTS: The plasma fibrinogen levels in patients with coronary artery lesions were significantly higher than those in patients without coronary artery lesions and in the control group. T allele frequency in patients with Kawasaki disease was significantly higher than that in the control group. The patients with coronary artery lesions had more increased T allele frequency compared with the patients without coronary artery lesions. CONCLUSIONS: Plasma fibrinogen levels and fibrinogen Bβ-148C/T polymorphism are associated with coronary artery lesions in children with Kawasaki disease.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):518-520］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 518-520 [Abstract] ( 4764 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 981KB] ( 1368 )
521 CHEN Jie, YUAN Yue-Sha, LI Qi, LIU Mei, ZHOU Shao-Hua, JIN Wei
Interleukin-27 affects IFN-γ and IL-4 activities in children with asthma
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of interleukin (IL)-27 on INF and IL-4 activities in children with asthma. METHODS: The levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in culture supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 23 asthmatic children were measured using ELISA. PBMCs were cultured with recombinant IL-27（5 ng/mL or 0.5 ng/mL）for 12 hrs in vitro. RESULTS: IFN-γ levels in both 5 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/mL IL-27 treatment groups (85.9±12.2 and 8.9±2.3 μg/L, respectively) increased compared with those in the cytokine stimulated control group (P＜0.01, P＜0.05 respectively). The group treated with 5 ng/mL IL-27 had decreased significantly IL-4 levels compared with the cytokine stimulated control group (15.0±1.9 μg/L vs 77.0±15.6 μg/L; P＜0.01). CONCLUSIONS: IL-27 may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma. It may affect Th1/Th2 cell activities and might be a new option for the treatment of asthma.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):521-523］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 521-523 [Abstract] ( 5636 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 938KB] ( 1372 )
524 GAO Wei-Wei, TAN San-Zhi, CHEN Yun-Bin, ZHANG Yong, WANG Yue
Randomized trail of nasal synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation compared with nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of nasal synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (nSIMV) and nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). METHODS: Fifty preterm infants with RDS who received pulmonary surfactant were randomized to nSIMV and nCPAP groups after extubation. Clinical signs, symptoms and blood gas results following nSIMV or nCPAP were compared in the two groups. RESULTS: Compared with the nCPAP group, the nSIMV group had a lower incidence of failure respiratory support (24% vs 60%; P<0.05), a lower incidence of hypercarbonia (12% vs 40%; P<0.05) and a lower incidence of hypoxia (24% vs 36%; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: nSIMV is more effective in respiratory support in preterm infants with RDS.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):524-526］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 524-526 [Abstract] ( 6159 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 937KB] ( 2127 )
527 SHU Xiao-Mei, ZHANG Gui-Ping, YANG Bing-Zhu, LI Juan
Clinical and electroencephalographic features in children with benign occipital epilepsy
OBJECTIVE: To study and compare the clinical and electroencephalography (EEG) features in children with benign occipital epilepsy (BOE) of Gastaut and Panayiotopoulos types. METHODS: The clinical data of 23 children with BOE (16 Gastaut type and 7 Panayiotopoulos type) were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: The mean age of onset in the Panayiotopoulos and Gastaut groups were 4.5 and 9.1 years, respectively. The children in the Panayiotopoulos group were characterized by ictal vomiting, frequent deviation of eyes and head, frequent nocturnal seizures, and secondary generalized seizures with longer duration but less frequency. By comparison, the children in the Gastaut group were characterized by visual symptoms as ictal events, higher seizure frequency, shorter seizure duration and more frequent diurnal seizures. The EEG showed that the majority of both groups had occipital spike-wave discharges when the eyes were opened. Eleven children in the Panayiotopoulos group and all of 7 children in the Gastaut group received antiepileptic mono-drug therapy. All of the 11 children in the Panayiotopoulos group responded to the therapy, but 2 cases in the Gastaut group did not respond and 2 cases had subtle cognitive deficits. CONCLUSIONS: There are differences in the age of onset, clinical symptoms, seizure frequency and duration, and therapeutic responses between children with Panayiotopoulos and Gastaut type BOE.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):527-529］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 527-529 [Abstract] ( 5283 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1175KB] ( 1603 )
530 TANG Rong-Hua, ZHOU Jiang-Bao
A control study on the treatment of acute seizures with midazolam and diazepam in children
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of midazolam and diazepam for treatment of acute seizures in children. METHODS: One hundred and twenty children with acute seizures were randomly divided into two groups: midazolam (0.1-0.3 mg/kg) and diazepam treatment (0.3-0.5 mg/kg) (n=60 each). In cases with seizure recurrence or statural convulsivus, a maintenance dose of midazolam (1-8 mg/kg per hour) and a maintenance dose of diazepam (0.5-1 mg/kg per hour) or along with phenobarbital sodium were given in the midazolam and diazepam treatment groups, respectively. The therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The seizures were relieved in all cases from the two groups 10 minutes after administration of midazolam or diazepam. There were no significant differences in the average time of seizure control between the two groups. Five children in the midazolam group had seizure recurrence or statural convulsivus after 10 minutes compared with 13 children in the diazepan group (P<0.05). The time of seizure control averaged 40±32 minutes in the midazolam group compared with 69±24 minutes in the diazepam group after maintenance treatment (P<0.05). No midazolam and diazepam treatment related adverse events were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Midazolam is safe and effective in the treatment of acute seizures in children. Midazolam appears to be a better option in the treatment of recurrent seizures or statural convulsivus than diazepam.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):530-532］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 530-532 [Abstract] ( 6259 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 931KB] ( 1846 )
533 HUANG Tie-Shuan, LU Xin-Guo, LI Bing, CHEN Yan, WEN Jia-Lun, HU Yan, CHEN Li, XIAO Yu-Han, ZHANG Jun, LIAO Jian-Xiang
Benign infantile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis: clinical analysis of 40 cases
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pathogenesis, clinical characteristics and treatment of benign infantile convulsions with mild gastroenteritis (BICG). METHODS: The clinical manifestations and laboratory findings were observed in 40 children with BICG. The antigen and antibodies of rotavirus and calicivirus in stool and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) were tested by the golden standard method and ELISA. The neurological outcome was evaluated by a follow-up of six months or more. RESULTS: All of the 40 children had mild gastroenteritis with or without minor dehydration. Cluster convulsions were observed in these children. There were normal findings in blood biochemistry (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-, glucose) and cerebral CT or MRI examinations. The interictal EEG showed sprinkle central or frontal epileptiform discharges in 8 children; clear central and parietal epileptiform discharges in 1 child; and no abnormal findings were observed in the other 31 children. Positive rotavirus antigen was detected in 11 children and positive calicivirus antigen in stool samples in 4 children. Positive antibodies of rotavirus and calicivirus in CSF were not seen. Seizures recurred in 22 of 28 children who received prophylactic injections of phenobarbital（5-10 mg/kg）.In a 6 months follow-up, one child developed epilepsy and the other 39 children had no seizures and neurological sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: The digestive system manifestations are mild in children with BICG. Convulsions are always clustered in these children. The mechanism underlying convulsions is not clear. Conventional dose of phenobarbital is not effective for prevention of seizures. Most of children with BICG have a good prognosis. ［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):533-535］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 533-535 [Abstract] ( 6534 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 940KB] ( 1805 )
536 SONG Jia-Rong, HUANG Ming-Xia, MAO Hua-Xiong, ZHOU Hui-Min
Application of hemoperfusion in children with acute tetramine poisoning
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of hemoperfusion treatment in children with acute tetramine poisoning. METHODS: Thirty-two children aged from 1 to 8 years ( mean 4.6±2.4 years) with acute tetramine poisoning received hemoperfusion treatment. Serum tetramine concentrations were measured by gas chromatography before hemoperfusion, 1 and 2 hrs after hemoperfusion initiation and 12 and 24 hrs by the end of hemoperfusion. The median time for full recovery of consciousness and the time to seizure control were observed. RESULTS: Seventeen children received hemoperfusion treatment for one time, 12 for twice, 2 for 4 times and 1 for 3 times. Twenty- seven (84%) cases recovered, 2 (7%) cases improved and 3 (9%) cases died of multi-organ failure. The serum tetramine concentrations 1 and 2 hrs after hrmoperfusion initiation were significantly lower than those before hemoperfusion (P<0.01). The serum tetramine concentrations 12 and 24 hrs by the end of hemoperfusion were also significantly lower than those before hemoperfusion (P<0.01). The median time for full recovery of consciousness and the time to seizure control were 5.4±4.2 and 10.1±7.3 hrs, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Hemoperfusion treatment is effective for acute tetramine poisoning in children. ［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):536-538］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 536-538 [Abstract] ( 4908 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 996KB] ( 1543 )
539 LIU Wei-Liang, LI Fang, MA Hong-Wei, LI Hai-Yan
Study of SMN gene in Chinese children with spinal muscular atrophy
OBJECTIVE: To study the incidence of homozygous absence of SMN1 exons 7 and 8, SMN gene conversion frequency and SMN subtle mutations in children with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). METHODS: The homozygous deletion was detected by PCR-RFLP in 106 Chinese children with SMA, gene conversion by RFLP and subtle mutations by sequencing. RESULTS: The rate of deletion of SMN1 exons 7 and/or 8 was 91.5%. Deletion of SMN1 exon 8 but existence of exon 7 was noted in one child with SMA. There were no significant differences in the gene conversion frequency among children with different types of SMA and who had homozygous deletion of SMN1 exon 7 but existence of exon 8. The gene conversion frequency was 8.3% in children with homozygous deletion of SMN1 exon 7. No subtle mutations were found around SMN1 exon 7. CONCLUSIONS: Deletion of SMN1 exons 7 and/or 8 is the main cause of SMA in Chinese children. There exists a SMN gene conversion phenomenon in SMA. Deletion of exon 8 might lead to SMA. The hot area of subtle mutations of this disease might not be around SMN1 exon 7. ［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):539-543］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 539-543 [Abstract] ( 6321 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1244KB] ( 1554 )
544 GONG Yi-Gu, LI Yu-Ning, ZHANG Wei-Hua, LIU Li-Jun, KANG Xi-Guang
Correlation between vitamin D receptor genetic polymorphism and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in vitamin D deficiency rickets

OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between vitamin D receptor genetic polymorphism FokⅠand vitamin D deficiency rickets in children between 1 to 3 years old, and to explore the significance of hereditary factors in the development of vitamin D deficiency rickets. METHODS: Sixty-two children with vitamin D deficiency rickets and 60 healthy children as a control group were enrolled. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 were measured using ELISA. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) genetic analysis method was used. A restriction fragment length polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor genetic polymorphism Fok I was tested. The frequencies of the vitamin D receptor genotype and allele were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels in the rickets group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( 9.1±4.1 ng/mL vs 16.1±6.9 ng/mL; P<0.05 ). FF genotype in the vitamin D receptor genetic polymorphism Fok I was more common in the rickets group than in the control group (53% vs 25%; P<0.05). F allele frequency in the rickets group was significantly higher than that in the control group (73% vs 57%; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There is a correlation between vitamin D receptor genetic polymorphism Fok I and vitamin D deficiency rickets. This suggests that vitamin D receptor genetic polymorphism might play an important role in determining susceptibility to development of vitamin D deficiency rickets.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):544-546］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 544-546 [Abstract] ( 5409 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 961KB] ( 1502 )
547 LIU Li-Rui, FU Jun-Fen, LIANG Li, HUANG Ke
Relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular disease in children with obesity
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in children with obesity. METHODS: Two hundred and thirty-one obese children and 24 non-obese children as control were enrolled. Body mass index (BMI), serum triglyceride, blood pressure, liver function, and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) were examined. The obese children were classified into two subgroups according to the diagnosis criteria: group 1 without liver disorder (OCWLD group, n=75) and group 2 with NAFLD (NAFLD group, n=156). The incidences of hyperlipidemia and hypertension, carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) and biochemical indicators were compared in the three groups. RESULTS: The NAFLD group showed significantly greater carotid IMT (0.066±0.021 cm) than the OCWLD (0.060±0.011 cm) and control groups (0.037±0.007 cm) (P<0.05). The OCWLD group had also thicker IMT than the control group (P<0.05). The incidences of hyperlipidemia and hypertension were 39.7% and 40.4%, respectively in the NAFLD group, which were significantly higher than those in the OCWLD (22.7% and 29.3% respectively)and control groups (4.2% and 12.6% respectively) (P<0.05). The liner stepwise regression analysis showed that the IMT was positively correlated with BMI, NAFLD and ALT (adjusted R2=0.316, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: NAFLD may be not only an early marker but also an early state of CVD in obese children. Early diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD is crucial for the prevention of the occurrence and development of CVD.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):547-550］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 547-550 [Abstract] ( 4899 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 959KB] ( 1507 )
551 LIU Sha, HAO Wen-Ge, HUANG Yong-Lan, SUN Xin
Influence of total nucleated cell dose on the efficacy of cord blood transplantation
OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of cord blood total nucleated cell (TNC) dose on the efficacy of cord blood transplantation in children. METHODS: Thirty-four children with hematological disease received cord blood transplantation. They were assigned to 3 groups according to the infused TNC dose: TNC>10×107/kg (n=7), 10×107/kg>TNC≥7×107/kg (n=9) and TNC<7×107/kg (n=18). The rates of graft and rejection of hematopoietic stem cells and the efficacy of transplantation were examined in the three groups. RESULTS: All 7 children in the group infused with TNC >10×107/kg got a long-term stable engraftment. The median time of absolute neutrophil count >0.5×109/L was 14.8 days (range 12-20 days) and platelets >50×109/L was 52.3 days (range 26-86 days). They survived in a disease-free state. Of the 9 children in the group infused with TNC between 10×107/kg and 7×107/kg, 7 got engraftment. The median time of absolute neutrophil count >0.5×109/L was 16.4 days (range 11-30 days) and platelets >50×109/L was 63.7 days (range 34-140 days). Four children got a long-term stable engraftment and survived in a disease-free state. Two children with beta-thalassemia major had secondary rejection after engraftment and autologous hematopoitic recovery. One child died after engraftment and one child died in the early period after transplantation. Of the 18 children in the group infused with TNC <7×107/kg, 16 children got engraftment. The median time of absolute neutrophil count >0.5×109/L was 19.5 days (range 10-29 days) and platelets >50×109/L was 70.1 days (range 41-116 days). Eight children had a long-term stable engraftment and survived in a disease-free state. Two children with beta-thalassemia major had secondary rejection after engraftment and autologous hematopoitic recovery. Six children died after engraftment. Two children had graft failure. CONCLUSIONS: TNC dose is an important influencing factor for hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in cord blood transplantation. An increased TNC dose may improve the success of cord blood transplantation.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):551-556］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 551-556 [Abstract] ( 6096 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 977KB] ( 1589 )
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
557 LI Ben-Shang, LUO Chang-Ying, HE Ying-Yi, JIANG Hua, GU Long-Jun
Relationship between the antileukemic activity of L-asparaginase and Asn level around leukemic cells
OBJECTIVE: To study the antileukemic activity of L-asparaginase through determining the changes of 4 kinds of amino acids (Asn, Aspa, Glu and Gln) in cell culture medium. METHODS: Following L-Asp treatment with designed concentrations and duration, the IC50 (inhibitory concentration 50%) of 8 kinds of common leukemia cell lines (U937, HL-60, Jurkat, NB4, THP-1, Namalwa, Karpass299, K562) were determined by CCK-8 assay. The changes of the 4 kinds of amino acids mentioned above were detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS: The asparagines in cell culture medium were rapidly exhausted when treated with 0.01 U/mL L-Asp for 4 hrs or 1 U/mL L-Asp for 5 minutes. There were significant differences in the sensitivities to L-Asp of different leukemia cell lines. The sensitivities to L-Asp of various cell lines were dose-dependent. Low concentration of L-Asp resulted in a low IC50 and the IC50 increased following the L-Asp concentration increased. CONCLUSIONS: Different leukemia cell lines have different sensitivities to L-Asp, suggesting that exhaustion of asparagines around leukemia cells could not reflect the treatment efficacy of L-Asp. L-Asp antileukemic activity is dose-dependent, which suggests the importance of high-dose L-Asp on childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):557-562］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 557-562 [Abstract] ( 6254 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1335KB] ( 1745 )
563 YANG Hui-Ming, MAO Meng, YANG Fan, YANG Su-Fei, XIONG Fei
Relationship between Ghrelin and growth hormone secretagogue receptor expression and catch-up growth in rats with intrauterine growth restriction
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between Ghrelin and growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) expression and the catch-up growth in rats with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). METHODS: The rat model of IUGR was established by food restriction during pregnancy. The small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) rat pups from the pregnant rats were used as the experimental group. The AGA rat pups from the pregnant rats without food restriction served as the control group. The samples from the stomach fundus and hypothalamus were taken postnatal days 0, 20 and 40. Ghrelin mRNA and GHSR mRNA expression were determined by real-time fluorescence quantitive PCR (real-time FQ-PCR). Ghrelin protein and GHSR protein expression were examined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS: At postnatal day 0, both Gherlin mRNA and protein levels in the stomach fundus were significantly higher, while GHSR mRNA expression in the hypothalamus were significantly lower in SGA rats from food restriction group than those in AGA rats from restriction and control groups. At postnatal day 20, the ghrelin protein expression in the stomach of fundus, and GHSR mRNA and protein expression in the hypothalamus in SGA catch-up rats were significantly higher than those in SGA non-catch-up growth rats and AGA rats from the control group. At postnatal day 40, there were no significant differences among SGA catch-up growth rats, SGA non-catch-up growth rats and normal AGA rats. CONCLUSIONS: Ghrelin-GHSR might be involved in the physiological regulation and pathological process in IUGR rats. It is also possibly involved in the regulation of catch-up growth in the early life of SGA rats.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):563-568］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 563-568 [Abstract] ( 4978 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1748KB] ( 1513 )
569 SHANG Yun, LIU Ling, CAO Kun-Feng, WANG Duo-De, WANG Wei, XU Hao
Impact of intrauterine infection on long-term brain development of premature rats

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of intrauterine infection induced by LPS injection on long-term brain development of premature rats. METHODS: Eighteen day-gestation pregnant rats were randomly assigned to a control group receiving an intraperitoneal injection of normal saline, and two infection groups that were intraperitoneally injected with 0.3 mg/kg or 0.6 mg/kg LPS. Twenty-four hours after injection, 7 pregnant rats of each group were sacrificed. The pathological changes of the placenta after hematoxylin and eosin staining were observed under a light microscope. The neural cell apoptosis of fetal brains was examined by the TUNEL assay. The remained pregnant rats were induced to labour before 21 gestation days. The long-term brain development of premature rats was tested with the Y type electric maze on postnatal day 42. RESULTS: Obvious pathological changes were observed in the placenta in the infection groups. The apoptotic neural cells in the fetal brain increased in the infection groups compared with that in the control group (32.41±5.36 in the 0.3 mg/kg infection group and 66.41±7.61 in the 0.6 mg/kg infection group vs 8.00±0.36 in the control group; P<0.01). The number of trials to criterion in the Y type maze test in the infection groups was much more than that in the control group ［117.8±8.7 (0.3 mg/kg infection group) and 194.4±13.7 (0.6 mg/kg infection group) vs 56.8±3.7 (control group); P<0.01］. The number of correct reactions in memory retaining in the infection groups was lower than that in the control group (0.62±0.09 in the 0.3 mg/kg infection group and 0.37±0.09 in the 0.6 mg/kg infection group vs 0.92±0.06 in the control group; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Intrauterine infection can cause fetal rats' neural cell apoptosis and affect adversely long-term brain development of neonatal rats.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):569-572］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 569-572 [Abstract] ( 5824 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1241KB] ( 1421 )
573 CHENG Min, HUANG Zhi, LI Si-Xiu
Prophylactic efficacy of levetiracetam, valproate or phenobarbital on febrile convulsions in rats
OBJECTIVE: To study and compare the prophylatic efficacy of levetiracetam, valproate and phenobarbital on febrile convulsions in rats. METHODS: Sixty Wistar rats were randomly administered with levetiracetam (200 mg/kg), valproate (250 mg/kg), phenobarbital (30 mg/kg) or normal saline (8 ml/kg) for 5 days. Five days later, febrile convulsions were induced by hyperthermal bath (45℃). The latency, duration and the severity of seizures were observed. RESULTS: In all the three drug-treated groups, the latency was significantly prolonged, and the duration and the severity of seizures were notably reduced compared with the saline group（P< 0.05 or 0.01）. The phenobarbital group had the shortest duration of seizures and the least severe seizures among the three drug-treated groups. There were no significant differences between the levetiracetam and valproate groups. CONCLUSIONS: Continuous administration of levetiracetam, valproate or phenobarbital is effective in preventing recurrent febrile convulsions in rats. Phenobarbital appears to be more effective than levetiracetam and valproate. There were no significant differences in the prophylactic efficacy between levetiracetam and valproate.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):573-575］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 573-575 [Abstract] ( 6072 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 937KB] ( 1557 )
576 DING Lu, WU Ben-Qing, HUANG Jin-Jie, LIU Zhi-Ping, CHEN Li
Effect of erythropoietin on apoptosis following hyperoxic lung injury in neonatal rats
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on apoptosis following hyperoxic lung injury in neonatal rats. METHODS: Ninety-six neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: air-exposed control, air-exposed rhEPO-treated, hyperoxia-exposed placebo (95% oxygen), and hyperoxia-exposed rhEPO-treated. rhEPO (800 U/kg) was administered 2, 4, and 6 days after air or hyperoxia exposure. The rats were sacrificed 3, 7 and 14 days after air or hyperoxia exposure for the assessment of lung histological changes by hematoxylin and eosin staining (n=8 each time point). P-JNK levels were measured by Western blot. Lung cell apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay. RESULTS: Compared with the air-exposed control group, inflammatory cell infiltration was found at 3 days and increased obviously at 7 days, and widening of the alveolar septa was observed, the number of alveoli decreased and normal alveolarization disappeared at 14 days after hyperoxia exposure in the hyperoxia-exposed placebo group. rhEPO treatment alleviated significantly the hyeroxia-induced alterations in lung pathology. P-JNK protein levels and the number of apoptosis cells decreased significantly in the hyperoxia-exposed rhEPO-treated compared with those in the hyperoxia-exposed placebo group. CONCLUSIONS: rhEPO may reduce apoptosis and thus provide a protective effect against hyperoxic lung injury in neonatal rats. JNK signal pathway may be involved in the protective mechanism. ［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (7):576-579］
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 576-579 [Abstract] ( 4820 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1060KB] ( 1347 )
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
580 WU Jun-Hua, JI Wei, LU Qin
Distribution and drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in children with acute respiratory infection
No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 580-582 [Abstract] ( 3407 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 423KB] ( 1091 )
583 OU Yang-Chang-An, LIN Xin-Zhu, LAI Ji-Dong, HUANG Li-Han, LI Ya-Dan, ZHENG Zhi
Pulmonary surfactant and nitric oxide inhalation combined with high frequency oscillatory ventilation for treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn: report of three cases
No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 583-585 [Abstract] ( 4069 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 927KB] ( 1473 )
CASE REPORT
586 CHEN Ting-Ting, LI Qiang, LEI Ming-Yu, GUO Xia, LIU Jin-Yan
A case report of hyper-IgE syndrome
No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 586-587 [Abstract] ( 4205 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1048KB] ( 1327 )
REVIEW
588 WANG Lin-Xia, SHAN Xiao-Ou, LI Chang-Chong, YAN Chun-Xue
Autonomic nervous system and sepsis
No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 588-591 [Abstract] ( 4042 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1167KB] ( 1445 )
592 YANG Ling-Rong, JIANG Mi-Zu
Research advance in pediatric gastroesophageal reflux
No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (07): 592-597 [Abstract] ( 4443 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 975KB] ( 1691 )
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