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2012 Vol.  14 No.  1
Published: 2012-01-15
OVERSEAS PEDIATRIC RESEARCH ADVANCE
CLINICAL RESEARCH
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
CASE REPORT
REVIEW
OVERSEAS PEDIATRIC RESEARCH ADVANCE
1 Karen S Leis, J Dayre McNally, Matthew R Montgomery, Koravangattu Sankaran, Chandima Karunanayake, Alan M Rosenberg
Vitamin D intake in young children with acute lower respiratory infection

OBJECTIVE: To determine if vitamin D intake is associated with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) in children. METHODS: The vitamin D intakes of children younger than 5 years of age admitted to hospital with either bronchiolitis or pneumonia were compared to an unmatched control group of the same age without respiratory infection. Caregivers of 197 children completed a questionnaire collecting information on demographic variables, ALRI risk factors and diet. Associations of ALRI with vitamin D intake and other ALRI risk factors were determined. RESULTS: The mean vitamin D intake of children with ALRI was 48 IU/kg/d compared to 60 IU/kg/d in the control group. When controlling for age, ethnicity, socio-economic status, northern residence, breastfeeding, immunizations and smoking contact, children with a vitamin D intake of less than 80 IU/kg/d were greater than 4 times more likely to have ALRI compared to children with a vitamin D intake exceeding 80 IU/kg/d (OR=4.9; 95%CI: 1.5~16.4). CONCLUSIONS: A higher vitamin D intake than currently recommended might be needed to offer protection against diseases such as ALRI. Increased vitamin D supplementation could have important public health consequences, as bronchiolitis and pneumonia are the most common reasons for hospitalization in young children. (Full English version will be available online at www.amepc.org/tp.)
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 1-6 [Abstract] ( 7846 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1036KB] ( 2331 )
CLINICAL RESEARCH
7 LI Juan, WANG Qing-Hong, WEI Ke-Lun, YANG Yu-Jia, DU Li-Zhong, YAO Yu-Jia
A survey of neonatal births in maternity departments in urban China in 2005
OBJECTIVE: To study the epidemiology of births in urban China.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted on neonates born in 2005 in the maternity departments of 72 urban hospitals from 22 provinces in China. RESULTS: A total of 45722 infants born between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2005 were enrolled. The male to female sex ratio was 1.13:1. Preterm births accounted for 8.1%. The incidence of very low birth weight infants was 0.7%. A total of 99.7% of mothers delivering at term had conceived naturally and 0.3% had experienced assisted reproduction. A total of 98.4% of mothers who delivered preterm had conceived naturally and 1.6% had experienced assisted reproduction. The proportion of vaginal deliveries was 50.8% compared to 49.2% delivered by cesarean sections. Many cesarean sections (38.1%) were due to social factors. Infants with an Apgar score≤7 at 1 minute accounted for 4.8%, and 1.6% of infants had an Apgar score≤7 at 5 minutes. Of all the infants included in the study, 7.14% were admitted to neonatal units for treatment. The death rate of all included infants was 0.74%. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of preterm births was higher in 2005 than in 2002-2003. The proportion of cesarean section deliveries was much higher in urban China than in most other Asian countries and America.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 7-10 [Abstract] ( 6128 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 925KB] ( 2002 )
11 QI Hua-Xue, CHEN Ping-Yang, YUAN Shao-Li
Diseases in the Neonatal period among preterm infants: an epidemiological investigation
OBJECTIVE: To explore diseases in the neonatal period among hospitalized preterm infants. METHODS: The clinical data of 961 preterm infants who were hospitalized in three hospitals in Changsha in 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: The most common neonatal disease was respiratory system diseases (73.8%), followed by infectious diseases (39.4%) and nervous system diseases (38.3%). With the increase of gestational age and birth weight, the incidence of circulatory system diseases showed no statistically significant differences (all P＞0.05), while the incidences of other diseases, such as respiratory system diseases, neonatal infections, nervous system diseases, and the desirable outcome of the preterm infants became significantly different (all P<0.05). Increased birth weight and gestational age were the protective factors while neonatal asphyxia, hyperbilirubinemia and neonatal scleredema were the risk factors for the outcome of preterm infants. CONCLUSIONS: The common neonatal diseases for preterm infants are respiratory system diseases, neonatal infections, and nervous system diseases. The incidence of the common diseases is reduced with the increasing gestational age and birth weight. Interventions should be carefully planned based on the protective factors (increased birth weight and gestational age) and risk factors (neonatal asphyxia, hyperbilirubinemia and scleredema) of the outcomes of these diseases.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 11-14 [Abstract] ( 6578 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 921KB] ( 2121 )
15 CUI Yun-Pu, TONG Xiao-Mei, HAN Tong-Yan, TANG Ya-Nan
Clinical features of respiratory diseases in late preterm neonates
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical features of respiratory diseases of late preterm neonates. METHODS: Six hundred and thirty late preterm infant(gestational age: 34~36+6weeks)，4401 cases of term infants and 328 early preterm infants who were born at the obstetrical department of Peking University 3rd Hospital from January 2009 to December 2010 were enrolled. Among them 84 late preterm infants, 135 term infants and 182 early preterm infants developed respiratory diseases. The incidence of respiratory diseases，clinical features and the severity of the diseases were compared among the three groups. RESULTS: The incidence and mortality rates of respiratory diseases and the percentage of severe cases were significantly higher in the late preterm group than in the term group, but lower than in the early preterm group (P<0.01). The symptoms of respiratory disease occurred earlier in the late preterm group than in the term group, but later than in the early preterm group (P<0.01). The late preterm group had a significantly higher incidence of tachypnea and lower incidence of retraction sign when compared with the term and early preterm groups (P<0.05). The percentages requiring oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation in the late preterm group were both significantly higher than in the term group, but lower than in the early preterm group (P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed 11 factors associated with the severity of respiratory diseases: decreased arterial partial pressure of oxygen, hematokrit, pH value and respiratory rate, arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation, systolic arterial pressure, 5 minute Apgar score and gestational age, and increased blood urea nitrogen, heart rate and respiratory rate. CONCLUSIONS: Late preterm infants are more likely to develop respiratory diseases than term infants, and to develop a more severe condition and need a more intensive respiratory support treatment. Tachypnea is a common presentation of dyspnea in late preterm infants and occurs earlier than in term infants but later than in early preterm infants. It may usually indicate a serious condition when dyspnea, abnormal heart rate and blood pressure, and multisystem damages occur in late preterm infants.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 15-19 [Abstract] ( 5823 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 932KB] ( 2274 )
20 ZHONG Qing-Hua, LIANG Kun, HE Xiang-Ying
Nutrition status of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit and risk factors of extrauterine growth retardation
OBJECTIVE: To study the nutrition status of premature infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and risk factors of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR). METHODS: The clinical data of 110 premature infants who were admitted to the NICU from August 2007 to September 2008 were retrospectively reviewed. The possible factors influencing the nutrition status were analyzed. RESULTS: The incidence of EUGR was 53.6% (59/110), 31.8%(35/110) and 10.0%(11/110) by weight, length and head circumference respectively among the premature infants. The risk factors of EUGR included: small-for-gestational-age (SGA), low birth weight, low speed of weight gain during hospitalization, large extent of physiological weight loss, long time to reach oral calorie goal, and maternal complications. CONCLUSIONS: The nutrition status and physical development are not desirable in premature infants hospitalized in the NICU. Therefore, reasonable nutritional support and proactive control of risk factors are important strategies to improve the perinatal nutrition and long-term prognosis.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 20-23 [Abstract] ( 6263 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 925KB] ( 1950 )
24 LU Wei-Cheng, XIANG Wei, WU Ming, ZHNEG Xu, LIN Jing, CHEN Xing-Yue, WEI Hai-Bo, ZHAN Duan, LI Chun-Lei
Relationship between pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B polymorphisms and the susceptibility to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome
OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B (SP-B) gene polymorphisms and their susceptibility to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). METHODS: Eighty-eight preterm infants with RDS (RDS group) and 103 infants without RDS (control group) were enrolled. The genomic DNA was isolated using DNA kits. Polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was used to detect the genotype and allele frequency of the SP-B -18A/C and SP-B 1580C/T single nucleotide polymorphisms. The association between the polymorphisms and RDS was analyzed. RESULTS: SP-B -18A/C and SP-B 1580C/T were found to be polymorphic in both RDS and control groups. The frequencies of CC genotype (χ2=12.26，P＜0.01) and C allele (χ2=11.97, P＜0.01) of SP-B 1580C/T were significantly higher in the RDS group than in the control group. The C allele significantly increased the risk of RDS (OR=2.26, 95%CI: 1.42-3.60). The frequencies of genotype and allele of SP-B -18A/C showed no significant difference between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: SP-B 1580C/T polymorphism contributes to the etiology of RDS and may serve as the susceptibility gene for RDS. The C allele increases the risk of RDS. SP-B -18A/C shows no association with the etiology of RDS.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 24-27 [Abstract] ( 6305 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 929KB] ( 1781 )
28 XIAO Ni-Guang, ZHANG Bing, DUAN Zhao-Jun, XIE Zhi-Ping, ZHOU Qiong-Hua, ZHONG Li-Li, GAO Han-Chun, DING Xiao-Fang, ZENG Sai-Zhen, HUANG Han, HOU Yun-De
Viral etiology of 1165 hospitalized children with acute lower respiratory tract infection
OBJECTIVE: To explore the viral etiology of acute low respiratory tract infection (ALRTI) among hospitalized children in Changsha of Hunan Province of China. METHODS: Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 1165 hospitalized children with ALRTI in Changsha from September 2007 to August 2008. Respiratory syncytin virus (RSV), human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza virus A (IFVA), influenza virus B (IFVB), parainfluenza 1-3 (PIV 1-3), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human coronaviruses NL63 (HCoV-NL63), and human coronaviruses HKU1 (HCoVHKU1) were detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Adenovirus (ADV) and human bocavirus (HBoV) were detected by standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR). WU polyomaviruses (WUPyV) and KI polyomaviruses(KIPyV) were detected by nested PCR. The positive samples further underwent genetic sequencing. RESULTS: Among the 1165 nasopharyngeal aspirates, viruses were detected in 871 samples (74.76%), among which RSV (27.03%) was the most common virus, followed by HRV (17.33%), PIV3(13.73%), HBoV (8.67%) and hMPV (6.52%). The overall positive rate of viral detection showed no significant differences between males and females (χ2=2.241, P=0.134), whereas the positive rates of PIV3, hMPV, and HBoV in males were higher than in females. The positive rate of viral detection showed significant differences among different age groups (χ2=10.934, P=0.027), and the highest positive rate was noted in the age group of 6 months to 1 year. Furthermore, the overall positive rate of viral detection showed a significant difference in term of seasonal distribution, with a peak prevalence in winter. CONCLUSIONS: Virues predominate in the etiology of pediatric ALRTI in Changsha, and RSV, HRV and PIV3 are the main viruses for ALRTI. HBoV and hMPV have become increasingly important. Viral infection-associated ALRTI shows a prevail in the age group of 6 months to 1 year as well as in winter.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 28-32 [Abstract] ( 7444 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1100KB] ( 2424 )
33 WANG Ying-Chao, YIN Chu-Yun, FENG Lei, WANG Chun-Mei, MA Li-Na, WEI Yong-Wei, SHENG Guang-Yao
Efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy for children with aplastic anemia
OBJECTIVE: To study the effectiveness and safety of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in the treatment of childhood aplastic anemia (AA) and to study the main factors influencing the effectiveness. METHODS: The clinical data of 55 children with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) and 51 children with chronic aplastic anemia (CAA) were retrospectively analyzed. All patients received IST from January 2007 to December 2010. RESULTS: In children with CAA, the effective rate of antithymocyte globulin (ATG) plus cyclosporine A(CsA) combination therapy was significantly higher than that of CsA alone (80% vs 44%; P<0.05); in children with SAA, the effective rate of ATG plus CsA combination therapy was also significantly higher than that of CsA alone (75% vs 40%; P<0.05). No patients developed clonal disease such as myelodysplastic syndrome, paroxysmal nocturn hemoglobinuria or acute myelocytic leukemia. In patients treated with the ATG plus CsA combination therapy, the response rate was relatively high for children whose disease course was less than six months, bone marrow hematopoietic area was more than 40%, had no severe infections, and experienced granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) reaction during the early treatment; however, it was not related to AA subtypes and age. CONCLUSIONS: ATG plus CsA combination therapy is effective and safe in the treatment of childhood AA. The disease course, bone marrow hematopoietic area, severe infections and G-CSF reaction to early treatment are the main factors influencing the therapeutic effects.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 33-37 [Abstract] ( 6443 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 937KB] ( 1980 )
38 WANG Xiu-Min, CHEN Chao, DONG Guan-Ping, HUANG Ke, FU Jun-Fen, LIANG Li
Detection of thyroid antibodies in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of positive thyroid antibodies in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its influencing factors. METHODS: The clinical data of T1DM children who were treated in the Children′s Hospital of Zhejiang University from May 2005 to April 2011 were retrospectively studied. The relationships of thyroid globulin antibody (TGAb) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) with cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF and IFN-γ were evaluated, and the percentages of CD3+, CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood were examined. RESULTS: A total of 186 T1DM children with complete data of both TGAb and TPOAb were included in the study, among whom 143 with normal TGAb and TPOAb levels and 43 (23.1%) presented with positive thyroid antibody (including 21 cases with both positive TGAb and positive TPOAb). Eighteen cases (9.7%) were diagnosed as autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 3 variant (APS3v). Significantly more patients in the positive thyroid antibody group had a family history of diabetes than in the negative thyroid antibody group (27.9% vs 14.7%; P＜0.05). The average age of the positive thyroid antibody group was 10.1±3.2 years, which was significantly greater than that in the negative thyroid antibody group (8.1±4.0 years) (P＜0.05). The IL-2 level (4.48 ±1.27 pg/mL vs 2.82 ±0.84 pg/mL, P＜0.05) and the percentage of peripheral CD3+ T-lymphocyte ［(61±11)% vs (66±11)%; P＜0.05］ were also different between the positive and negative thyroid antibody groups. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic background and abnormal function of T-lymphocytes (especially higher IL-2 level) may be involved in the elevated prevalence of positive thyroid antibody in T1DM children.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 38-41 [Abstract] ( 6066 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 925KB] ( 1770 )
42 ZHANG He, LI Jiu-Jun
Correlation between the blood serum BNP level and the left cardiac function in children with congenital heart disease
OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between the blood serum brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level and the left cardiac function in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS: The clinical data of 41 CHD children were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on the existence of congestive heart failure (CHF): CHD+CHF (n=21) and CHD alone (n=20). The blood serum BNP level was determined using chemiluminescence immunoassay, and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured with echocardiogram. RESULTS: The serum BNP level was 1353 pg/mL (range: 926-2978) in the CHD+CHF group, which was significantly higher than in the CHD alone group［149 pg/mL (range: 75-242)］(P<0.01). The LVEF was 60% (range: 53%-65%) in the CHD+CHF group, which was significantly lower than in the CHD alone group［68% (range: 64%-72%)］(P<0.01). The serum BNP level showed a negative correlation with the LVEF level (r=-0.652, P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The blood serum BNP level is related to the cardiac function. For children with severe CHD+CHF, serum BNP level can be used as a sensitive indicator for evaluating cardiac function damage.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 42-44 [Abstract] ( 6452 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 951KB] ( 2190 )
45 JIANG Zhi-Gui, LIU Ling, YANG Cui-Yan, WU Jie
Value of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody in diagnosis of Kawasaki disease
OBJECTIVE: To study the value of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) in diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (KD). METHODS: Serum ANCA was detected in 30 children with typical Kawasaki disease (TKD) and in 16 with incomplete Kawasaki disease (IKD) in the acute and the recovery phases respectively. Twenty-five healthy children were randomly selected as a control group. An ultrasonic cardiography (UCG) was performed on children with KD in the acute phase. RESULTS: The mean positive rate of serum ANCA in the acute phase in KD children was 65%, with 69% in IKD children and 63% in TKD children, which were obviously higher than that in the control group (P＜0.01). The positive rate of serum ANCA in the recovery phase in KD children was significantly lower than that in the acute phase (33％ vs 65％, P＜0.05). The positive rate of serum ANCA in the acute phase in children with KD was significantly higher than that detected by UCG (P＜0.01). The incidence rate of coronary artery lesions in children with positive ANCA was obviously higher than that in children with negative ANCA (43％ vs 13％; P＜0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Serum ANCA may be used as a reference index for early diagnosis of KD and secondary coronary artery lesions in children.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 45-47 [Abstract] ( 5582 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 912KB] ( 1681 )
48 LU Ying, ZHU Peng, GAO Rong, LIANG Zhen-Zhen, HUANG Wen, TAO Fang-Biao
Association of rearing patterns with diet and temperament traits among infants in urban areas
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of rearing patterns on diet and temperament traits among infants in urban areas. METHODS: A total of 480 25-30-month-old infants were randomly selected from the birth cohort in Hefei Maternal and Child Health Care Center in 2008. A household survey was conducted using China Toddler Temperament Scale (CTTS), Dietary Characteristics Questionnaire and Family Environment Questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 430 surveyed households, there were three main rearing patterns including parents rearing pattern (Group A), grandparents rearing pattern (Group B) and joint rearing pattern (Group C), accounting for 33.0%, 21.2% and 45.8%, respectively. Infants in Group A tended to adopt processed food pattern, with poor rhythmicity and adaptability; infants in Group B tended to adopt fruit, vegetable, and cereals-based food pattern, with relatively poor rhythmicity; infants in Group C tended to adopt aquatic products and fruit/vegetable-based food pattern, with good rhythmicity and adaptability. Linear regression model showed that infants who consumed more aquatic products, high-protein food, and fruits/vegetables had more positive temperamental traits, whereas infants who consumed more processed foods had more negative temperamental traits. CONCLUSIONS: A joint rearing pattern may be a favorable rearing style for infants aged 25-30 months in urban areas in terms of diet and temperament traits.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 48-53 [Abstract] ( 5432 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1073KB] ( 1392 )
54 QI Jian-Guang, XING Chang-Qing, DING Ya-Guang, DU Jun-Bao
Adrenomedullin alleviates collagen accumulation in pulmonary arteries of rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension Hot!
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of adrenomedullin (ADM) on the pulmonary vascular collagen metabolism in hypoxic rats in order to study the effect of ADM on chronic hypoxic pulmonary vascular structural remodeling and its possible mechanism. METHODS: Nineteen male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control (n=6), hypoxia (n=7) and ADM-treated hypoxia (n=6). ADM was subcutaneously administered into rats of the ADM-treated hypoxia group by mini-osmotic pump (300 ng/h) for two weeks. After two weeks of hypoxic challenge, mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) was evaluated using a right cardiac catheterization procedure. The ratio of right ventricular mass to left ventricular plus septal mass ［RV/ (LV+S)］ was measured. The changes of pulmonary vascular microstructure were observed. Meanwhile, the expression levels of collagen I, collagen III and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β in pulmonary arteries were detected by immunohistochemical assay. RESULTS: mPAP and RV/(LV+S) increased significantly in the hypoxia group compared with normal controls (P<0.01). The muscularization of small pulmonary vessels and the relative medial thickness of pulmonary arteries increased obviously in the hypoxia group compared with those in the normal control group (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the expression levels of collagen I, collagen III and TGF-β of pulmonary arteries in the hypoxia group increased markedly compared with those in the normal control group. However, mPAP and RV/(LV+S) were significantly reduced in the ADM-treated hypoxia group compared with those in the hypoxia group (P<0.01). ADM ameliorated pulmonary vascular structural remodeling of hypoxic rats, with a decrease in the expression of collagen I, collagen III and TGF-β of pulmonary arteries. CONCLUSIONS: ADM might play a regulatory role in the development of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension and hypoxic pulmonary vascular remodeling, through inhibiting the expression of TGF-β and alleviating the collagen accumulation of pulmonary arteries.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 54-58 [Abstract] ( 5957 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1302KB] ( 1486 )
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
59 WU Lin, YUAN Li-Ping, FEI Wen-Jun, DENG Fang, ZHANG Qin, HU Bo, LU Ling
Impact of sera from children with active HenochSchnlein purpura on human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) and protective effects of methylprednisolone against HUVECs injury
OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVECs) induced by the sera from children with active Henoch-Sch-nlein purpura (HSP) and the protective effects of methylprednisolone against HUVECs injury. METHODS: HUVECs were divided into four groups based on the culture conditions: blank control group, normal serum group, HSP serum group, and HSP serum plus methylprednisolone group. The levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-8 in the supernatants of each group were detected using ELISA and the nitric oxide (NO) level by nitrate reductase determination. Moreover, the expressions of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and Fractalkine in HUVECs were examined by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. RESULTS: The levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and NO in the HSP serum group were significantly higher than those in the blank control and normal serum groups (P<0.05). Compared with the HSP serum group, the levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and NO in the HSP serum plus methylprednisolone group decreased significantly (P<0.05). The mRNA expression levels of NF-κB and Fractalkine in the HSP serum group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of NF-κB and Fractalkine in the HSP serum group were significantly higher than those in the blank control and normal control group (P<0.05). Compared with the HSP serum group, the mRNA and protein expression levels of NF-κB and Fractalkine in the HSP serum plus methylprednisolone group decreased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The sera from children with active HSP can induce the in vitro cultured HUVECs to become activated and excrete cytokines. Methylprednisolone may inhibit NF-κB expression, reduce the production of inflammatory factors, and thus alleviate vascular inflamation.
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 59-63 [Abstract] ( 5435 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1048KB] ( 1747 )
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
64 QU Shun-Mei, LI Jun, ZHU Min, WANG Hong-Ping, ZHANG Hai-Yan, YE Yi
Characteristics of heart rate recovery after treadmill eserise test in children
No abstract available
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 64-66 [Abstract] ( 4669 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 905KB] ( 1491 )
67 LIU Ya-Li, CHEN Jian-Zheng
Value of respiratory index and oxygenation index in evaluating the incidence of pulmonary edema in children
No abstract available
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 67-68 [Abstract] ( 4033 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 893KB] ( 2437 )
69 LU Qi, ZHOU Xiao-Yu, LIU Zhao-Yang
Enterostomy closure: how to select an opportunity after enterostomy in children
No abstract available
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 69-70 [Abstract] ( 4150 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 889KB] ( 2354 )
CASE REPORT
71 WANG Juan, CHEN Yin-Bo, LIANG Dong
Epilepsy with continuous spike and wave during slow wave sleep: a case report
No abstract available
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 71-72 [Abstract] ( 3979 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1144KB] ( 1582 )
73 WANG Shu-Yan, ZHANG Long-Jiang, HE Zhong-Qian, TIAN Qing, LI Xiao-Dong
Neonatal diabetes mellitus caused by KCNJ11 mutation: a case report
No abstract available
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 73-75 [Abstract] ( 4420 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1028KB] ( 1785 )
REVIEW
76 NIU Jie, CHEN Yong-Xiang, ZHU Li-Qi
Factors influencing the language development of preterm infants
NO abstract available
2012 Vol. 14 (1): 76-80 [Abstract] ( 5352 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 940KB] ( 2549 )
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