目的 分析尘螨致敏变应性鼻炎患儿常规通气肺功能的临床特征和影响因素。 方法 该研究为回顾性横断面研究，选取2019年11月—2025年12月在深圳市儿童医院准备进行尘螨特异性免疫治疗的361例变应性鼻炎患儿为研究对象。分析患儿常规通气肺功能的检测结果和影响因素。 结果 361例患儿中，肺通气功能异常159例（44.0%），其中小气道功能受累107例（67.3%）。多元线性回归分析结果显示，患儿年龄与用力肺活量（forced vital capacity, FVC）（β=-1.83，P0.05）、第1秒用力呼气量（forced expiratory volume in first second, FEV₁）（β=-1.97，P0.05）呈负相关；患儿体重指数与FVC（β=1.08，P0.05）、FEV₁（β=0.75，P0.05）呈正相关，与一秒率（FEV₁/FVC）（β=-0.31，P0.05）呈负相关。 结论 尘螨致敏变应性鼻炎患儿可出现早期肺功能异常。年龄和体重指数是常规通气肺功能指标的影响因素。需注意对不同年龄、肥胖患儿进行早期及定期的肺功能指标监测。

Objective To study the clinical characteristics and influencing factors of routine pulmonary ventilation function in children with allergic rhinitis induced by house dust mites. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 361 children with allergic rhinitis scheduled for house dust mite-specific immunotherapy at Shenzhen Children's Hospital from November 2019 to December 2025. Routine pulmonary ventilation function test results and influencing factors were analyzed. Results Among the 361 children, 159(44.0%) showed abnormal pulmonary ventilation function, of which 107(67.3%) involved small airway dysfunction. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age was negatively correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC) (β=-1.83, P0.05) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁) (β=-1.97, P0.05). Body mass index was positively correlated with FVC (β=1.08, P0.05) and FEV₁ (β=0.75, P0.05), and negatively correlated with FEV₁/FVC ratio (β=-0.31, P0.05). Conclusions Children with allergic rhinitis induced by house dust mites may present with early abnormalities in pulmonary ventilation function. Age and body mass index are influencing factors on routine pulmonary ventilation function parameters. Early and regular monitoring of lung function is recommended, especially for children at different ages and those with obesity.