Influence of sleep quality on symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: the mediating role of working memory

ZHONG Lin; ZHANG Jing; GAO Xiao-Yan; HE Hong-Yao; ZUO Peng-Xiang; SONG Ran-Ran

doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2206147

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Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ›› 2022, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (12) : 1365-1370. DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2206147

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Influence of sleep quality on symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: the mediating role of working memory

ZHONG Lin, ZHANG Jing, GAO Xiao-Yan, HE Hong-Yao, ZUO Peng-Xiang, SONG Ran-Ran

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Abstract

Objective To study the mediating role of working memory between sleep quality and symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods The cluster random sampling method was used to select 110 ADHD children and 124 normal children as subjects from grade 3-5 students in two primary schools in Kashgar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. SNAP-IV, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and visual-spatial working memory paradigm were used for investigation and comparison. Results Compared with the normal group, the ADHD group had a significantly higher total score of PSQI and scores of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbance, and a higher incidence of sleep quality problems (P<0.001). The working memory score in the ADHD group was significantly lower than that in the normal group (P<0.001). In the ADHD group, the working memory score was negatively correlated with the total score of PSQI (r_s=-0.271, P<0.001) and the score of symptoms (r_s=-0.439, P<0.001), and the total score of PSQI was positively correlated with the score of symptoms (r_s=0.540, P<0.001). Working memory had a partial mediating effect in the influence of sleep quality on symptoms in children with ADHD, accounting for 18.10% of the total effect. Conclusions Sleep quality issues are observed in some children with ADHD, and working memory plays a mediating role between sleep quality and symptoms in ADHD children.

Key words

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / Sleep quality / Working memory / Symptom / Child

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ZHONG Lin, ZHANG Jing, GAO Xiao-Yan, HE Hong-Yao, ZUO Peng-Xiang, SONG Ran-Ran. Influence of sleep quality on symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: the mediating role of working memory[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2022, 24(12): 1365-1370 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2206147

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