References
1 Fleischmann-Struzek C, Goldfarb DM, Schlattmann P, et al. The global burden of paediatric and neonatal sepsis: a systematic review[J]. Lancet Respir Med, 2018, 6(3): 223-230. PMID: 29508706. DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(18)30063-8.
2 Zhanel GG, Wiebe R, Dilay L, et al. Comparative review of the carbapenems[J]. Drugs, 2007, 67(7): 1027-1052. PMID: 17488146. DOI: 10.2165/00003495-200767070-00006.
3 Prusakov P, Goff DA, Wozniak PS, et al. A global point prevalence survey of antimicrobial use in neonatal intensive care units: the no-more-antibiotics and resistance (NO-MAS-R) study[J]. EClinicalMedicine, 2021, 32: 100727. PMID: 33554094. PMCID: PMC7848759. DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100727.
4 徐晓涵, 周鹏翔, 孔旭东, 等. 北京市医疗机构抗菌药物临床应用分级管理目录的循证制订[J]. 中国药学杂志, 2023, 58(2): 188-194. DOI: 10.11669/cpj.2023.02.014.
5 童笑梅, 周鹏翔. 优化新生儿重症监护病房抗生素管理: 遏制耐药菌泛滥趋势[J]. 中华新生儿科杂志, 2021, 36(5): 1-5. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.2096-2932.2021.05.001.
6 World Health Organization. WHO Handbook for Guideline Development[M]. 2nd ed. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2014.
7 陈耀龙, 杨克虎, 王小钦, 等. 中国制订/修订临床诊疗指南的指导原则(2022版)[J]. 中华医学杂志, 2022, 102(10): 697-703. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20211228-02911.
8 Brouwers MC, Kerkvliet K, Spithoff K, et al. The AGREE reporting checklist: a tool to improve reporting of clinical practice guidelines[J]. BMJ, 2016, 352: i1152. PMID: 26957104. PMCID: PMC5118873. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.i1152.
9 Chen Y, Yang K, Maru?ic A, et al. A reporting tool for practice guidelines in health care: the RIGHT statement[J]. Ann Intern Med, 2017, 166(2): 128-132. PMID: 27893062. DOI: 10.7326/M16-1565.
10 周鹏翔, 张相林, 翟所迪. 中国临床药学实践指南的制订: 现状与发展[J]. 中国循证医学杂志, 2021, 21(9): 993-997. DOI: 10.7507/1672-2531.202105038.
11 Zhou P, Cheng Y, Cao G, et al. The OBTAINS study: a nationwide cross-sectional survey on the implementation of extended or continuous infusion of β-lactams and vancomycin among neonatal sepsis patients in China[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2022, 13: 1001924. PMID: 36299905. PMCID: PMC9589050. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1001924.
12 Shea BJ, Reeves BC, Wells G, et al. AMSTAR 2: a critical appraisal tool for systematic reviews that include randomised or non-randomised studies of healthcare interventions, or both[J]. BMJ, 2017, 358: j4008. PMID: 28935701. PMCID: PMC5833365. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.j4008.
13 Higgins JP, Altman DG, G?tzsche PC, et al. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials[J]. BMJ, 2011, 343: d5928. PMID: 22008217. PMCID: PMC3196245. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.d5928.
14 Stang A. Critical evaluation of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for the assessment of the quality of nonrandomized studies in meta-analyses[J]. Eur J Epidemiol, 2010, 25(9): 603-605. PMID: 20652370. DOI: 10.1007/s10654-010-9491-z.
15 Riley DS, Barber MS, Kienle GS, et al. CARE guidelines for case reports: explanation and elaboration document[J]. J Clin Epidemiol, 2017, 89: 218-235. PMID: 28529185. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.04.026.
16 Husereau D, Drummond M, Augustovski F, et al. Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards 2022 (CHEERS 2022) statement: updated reporting guidance for health economic evaluations[J]. BMC Med, 2022, 20(1): 23. PMID: 35022047. PMCID: PMC8753858. DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02204-0.
17 Norris SL, Meerpohl JJ, Akl EA, et al. The skills and experience of GRADE methodologists can be assessed with a simple tool[J]. J Clin Epidemiol, 2016, 79: 150-158.e1. PMID: 27421684. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.07.001.
18 GuyattGH, OxmanAD, VistGE, 等. GRADE: 证据质量和推荐强度分级的共识[J]. 中国循证医学杂志, 2009, 9(1): 8-11. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2531.2009.01.005.
19 Guyatt GH, Alonso-Coello P, Schünemann HJ, et al. Guideline panels should seldom make good practice statements: guidance from the GRADE working group[J]. J Clin Epidemiol, 2016, 80: 3-7. PMID: 27452192. DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.07.006.
20 Jaeschke R, Guyatt GH, Dellinger P, et al. Use of GRADE grid to reach decisions on clinical practice guidelines when consensus is elusive[J]. BMJ, 2008, 337: a744. PMID: 18669566. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.a744.
21 Polin RA, Committee on Fetus and Newborn. Management of neonates with suspected or proven early-onset bacterial sepsis[J]. Pediatrics, 2012, 129(5): 1006-1015. PMID: 22547779. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2012-0541.
22 Mukherjee S, Mitra S, Dutta S, et al. Neonatal sepsis: the impact of carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae[J]. Front Med (Lausanne), 2021, 8: 634349. PMID: 34179032. PMCID: PMC8225938. DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.634349.
23 Dong Y, Basmaci R, Titomanlio L, et al. Neonatal sepsis: within and beyond China[J]. Chin Med J (Engl), 2020, 133(18): 2219-2228. PMID: 32826609. PMCID: PMC7508444. DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000935.
24 Jiang S, Hong L, Gai J, et al. Early-onset sepsis among preterm neonates in China, 2015 to 2018[J]. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2019, 38(12): 1236-1241. PMID: 31738341. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000002492.
25 Weston EJ, Pondo T, Lewis MM, et al. The burden of invasive early-onset neonatal sepsis in the United States, 2005-2008[J]. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2011, 30(11): 937-941. PMID: 21654548. PMCID: PMC3193564. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e318223bad2.
26 Vergnano S, Menson E, Kennea N, et al. Neonatal infections in England: the NeonIN surveillance network[J]. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 2011, 96(1): F9-F14. PMID: 20876594. DOI: 10.1136/adc.2009.178798.
27 中华医学会儿科学分会新生儿学组, 中国医师协会新生儿科医师分会感染专业委员会. 新生儿败血症诊断及治疗专家共识(2019年版)[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2019, 57(4): 252-257. PMID: 30934196. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2019.04.005.
28 Korang SK, Safi S, Nava C, et al. Antibiotic regimens for early-onset neonatal sepsis[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2021, 5(5): CD013837. PMID: 33998666. PMCID: PMC8127574. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013837.pub2.
29 Fu P, Xu H, Jing C, et al. Bacterial epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles in children reported by the ISPED program in China, 2016 to 2020[J]. Microbiol Spectr, 2021, 9(3): e0028321. PMID: 34730410. PMCID: PMC8567242. DOI: 10.1128/Spectrum.00283-21.
30 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 关于印发碳青霉烯类抗菌药物临床应用专家共识等3个技术文件的通知: 国卫办医函[2018] 822号[EB/OL]. (2018-09-21)[2024-01-10]. http://www.nhc.gov.cn/yzygj/s7659/201809/95f65ca473b44746b24590e94468b8ff.shtml.
31 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Neutropenic sepsis: prevention and management in people with cancer: clinical guideline [CG151][EB/OL]. (2012-09-19)[2024-01-10]. https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg151.
32 Tsai MH, Chu SM, Hsu JF, et al. Risk factors and outcomes for multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteremia in the NICU[J]. Pediatrics, 2014, 133(2): e322-e329. PMID: 24420803. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-1248.
33 Plunkett A, Tong J. Sepsis in children[J]. BMJ, 2015, 350: h3017. PMID: 26060188. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.h3017.
34 Korang SK, Safi S, Nava C, et al. Antibiotic regimens for late-onset neonatal sepsis[J]. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2021, 5(5): CD013836. PMID: 33998665. PMCID: PMC8127057. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD013836.pub2.
35 Weiss SL, Peters MJ, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign international guidelines for the management of septic shock and sepsis-associated organ dysfunction in children[J]. Intensive Care Med, 2020, 46(Suppl 1): 10-67. PMID: 32030529. PMCID: PMC7095013. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-019-05878-6.
36 Davis AL, Carcillo JA, Aneja RK, et al. The American College of Critical Care Medicine clinical practice parameters for hemodynamic support of pediatric and neonatal septic shock: executive summary[J]. Pediatr Crit Care Med, 2017, 18(9): 884-890. PMID: 28723883. PMCID: PMC8341147. DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000001259.
37 Al-Matary A, Al Sulaiman M, Al-Otaiby S, et al. Association between the timing of antibiotics administration and outcome of neonatal sepsis[J]. J Infect Public Health, 2022, 15(6): 643-647. PMID: 35617827. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.05.004.
38 Weiss SL, Fitzgerald JC, Balamuth F, et al. Delayed antimicrobial therapy increases mortality and organ dysfunction duration in pediatric sepsis[J]. Crit Care Med, 2014, 42(11): 2409-2417. PMID: 25148597. PMCID: PMC4213742. DOI: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000000509.
39 Evans IVR, Phillips GS, Alpern ER, et al. Association between the New York sepsis care mandate and in-hospital mortality for pediatric sepsis[J]. JAMA, 2018, 320(4): 358-367. PMID: 30043064. PMCID: PMC6500448. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2018.9071.
40 Sankar J, Garg M, Ghimire JJ, et al. Delayed administration of antibiotics beyond the first hour of recognition is associated with increased mortality rates in children with sepsis/severe sepsis and septic shock[J]. J Pediatr, 2021, 233: 183-190.e3. PMID: 33359300. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.12.035.
41 Lima-Rogel V, Olguín-Mexquitic L, Kühn-Córdova I, et al. Optimizing meropenem therapy for severe nosocomial infections in neonates[J]. J Pharm Sci, 2021, 110(10): 3520-3526. PMID: 34089712. DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.05.019.
42 van den Anker JN, Pokorna P, Kinzig-Schippers M, et al. Meropenem pharmacokinetics in the newborn[J]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2009, 53(9): 3871-3879. PMID: 19581463. PMCID: PMC2737888. DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00351-09.
43 Smith PB, Cohen-Wolkowiez M, Castro LM, et al. Population pharmacokinetics of meropenem in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of infants with suspected or complicated intra-abdominal infections[J]. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2011, 30(10): 844-849. PMID: 21829139. PMCID: PMC3173561. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e31822e8b0b.
44 Liem TBY, Slob EMA, Termote JUM, et al. Comparison of antibiotic dosing recommendations for neonatal sepsis from established reference sources[J]. Int J Clin Pharm, 2018, 40(2): 436-443. PMID: 29340851. PMCID: PMC5918525. DOI: 10.1007/s11096-018-0589-9.
45 刘会玲, 张宏, 王培华, 等. 注射用美罗培南的配伍禁忌文献概述[J]. 中国药物滥用防治杂志, 2015, 21(6): 353-354. DOI: 10.15900/j.cnki.zylf1995.2015.06.015.
46 Taketomo CK, Hodding JH, Kraus DM. Pediatric and Neonatal Dosage Handbook[M]. 25th ed. Hudson: Lexi-Comp Inc, 2018.
47 张菁, 吕媛, 于凯江, 等. 抗菌药物药代动力学/药效学理论临床应用专家共识[J]. 中华结核和呼吸杂志, 2018, 41(6): 409-446. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.06.004.
48 Leegwater E, Wewerinke L, de Grauw AM, et al. Optimization of β-lactam dosing regimens in neonatal infections: continuous and extended administration versus intermittent administration[J]. Clin Pharmacokinet, 2023, 62(5): 715-724. PMID: 36972008. DOI: 10.1007/s40262-023-01230-w.
49 Zhou P, Zhang Y, Wang Z, et al. Extended or continuous infusion of carbapenems in children with severe infections: a systematic review and narrative synthesis[J]. Antibiotics (Basel), 2021, 10(9): 1088. PMID: 34572670. PMCID: PMC8470113. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091088.
50 Shabaan AE, Nour I, Elsayed Eldegla H, et al. Conventional versus prolonged infusion of meropenem in neonates with gram-negative late-onset sepsis: a randomized controlled trial[J]. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2017, 36(4): 358-363. PMID: 27918382. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001445.
51 Yu Z, Pang X, Wu X, et al. Clinical outcomes of prolonged infusion (extended infusion or continuous infusion) versus intermittent bolus of meropenem in severe infection: a meta-analysis[J]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(7): e0201667. PMID: 30059536. PMCID: PMC6066326. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201667.
52 Baldwin CM, Lyseng-Williamson KA, Keam SJ. Meropenem: a review of its use in the treatment of serious bacterial infections[J]. Drugs, 2008, 68(6): 803-838. PMID: 18416587. DOI: 10.2165/00003495-200868060-00006.
53 Linden P. Safety profile of meropenem: an updated review of over 6,000 patients treated with meropenem[J]. Drug Saf, 2007, 30(8): 657-668. PMID: 17696578. DOI: 10.2165/00002018-200730080-00002.
54 陈灿, 应颖秋, 闫盈盈, 等. 碳青霉烯类抗菌药物延长或持续输注治疗严重感染的疗效及安全性的系统评价[J]. 中国医院药学杂志, 2017, 37(16): 1622-1628. DOI: 10.13286/j.cnki.chinhosppharmacyj.2017.16.17.
55 Taccone FS, Laterre PF, Dugernier T, et al. Insufficient β-lactam concentrations in the early phase of severe sepsis and septic shock[J]. Crit Care, 2010, 14(4): R126. PMID: 20594297. PMCID: PMC2945087. DOI: 10.1186/cc9091.
56 Taccone FS, Laupland KB, Montravers P. Continuous infusion of β-lactam antibiotics for all critically ill patients?[J]. Intensive Care Med, 2016, 42(10): 1604-1606. PMID: 26831672. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-016-4241-7.
57 Florea NR, Kotapati S, Kuti JL, et al. Cost analysis of continuous versus intermittent infusion of piperacillin-tazobactam: a time-motion study[J]. Am J Health Syst Pharm, 2003, 60(22): 2321-2327. PMID: 14652981. DOI: 10.1093/ajhp/60.22.2321.
58 Loeuille G, D'Huart E, Vigneron J, et al. Stability studies of 16 antibiotics for continuous infusion in intensive care units and for performing outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy[J]. Antibiotics (Basel), 2022, 11(4): 458. PMID: 35453211. PMCID: PMC9030478. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040458.
59 GilbertGN, ChambersHF, SaagMS, 等. 热病: 桑福德抗微生物治疗指南[M]. 50版. 范洪伟, 译. 北京: 中国协和医科大学出版社, 2021.
60 Cao G, Zhou P, Zhang H, et al. Extended infusion of meropenem in neonatal sepsis: a historical cohort study[J]. Antibiotics (Basel), 2022, 11(3): 341. PMID: 35326804. PMCID: PMC8944670. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11030341.
61 Mukhopadhyay S, Briker SM, Flannery DD, et al. Time to positivity of blood cultures in neonatal late-onset bacteraemia[J]. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 2022, 107(6): 583-588. PMID: 35273079. PMCID: PMC9465986. DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2021-323416.
62 中华医学会儿科学分会急救学组. 中国儿童重症监护病房严重细菌感染抗菌药物应用的若干建议[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2022, 60(3): 177-182. PMID: 35240735. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20211111-00944.
63 De Waele JJ, Schouten J, Beovic B, et al. Antimicrobial de-escalation as part of antimicrobial stewardship in intensive care: no simple answers to simple questions: a viewpoint of experts[J]. Intensive Care Med, 2020, 46(2): 236-244. PMID: 32025778. PMCID: PMC7224113. DOI: 10.1007/s00134-019-05871-z.
64 Puopolo KM, Benitz WE, Zaoutis TE, et al. Management of neonates born at ≥35 0/7 weeks' gestation with suspected or proven early-onset bacterial sepsis[J]. Pediatrics, 2018, 142(6): e20182894. PMID: 30455342. DOI: 10.1542/peds.2018-2894.
65 Kuppala VS, Meinzen-Derr J, Morrow AL, et al. Prolonged initial empirical antibiotic treatment is associated with adverse outcomes in premature infants[J]. J Pediatr, 2011, 159(5): 720-725. PMID: 21784435. PMCID: PMC3193552. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.05.033.
66 Dong Y, Speer CP. Late-onset neonatal sepsis: recent developments[J]. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 2015, 100(3): F257-F263. PMID: 25425653. PMCID: PMC4413803. DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306213.
67 McMullan BJ, Andresen D, Blyth CC, et al. Antibiotic duration and timing of the switch from intravenous to oral route for bacterial infections in children: systematic review and guidelines[J]. Lancet Infect Dis, 2016, 16(8): e139-e152. PMID: 27321363. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)30024-X.
68 Tunkel AR, Hartman BJ, Kaplan SL, et al. Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis[J]. Clin Infect Dis, 2004, 39(9): 1267-1284. PMID: 15494903. DOI: 10.1086/425368.
69 周冉, 方玉婷, 苏丹, 等. 儿童耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌目细菌感染治疗药物研究进展[J]. 中国感染控制杂志, 2022, 21(2): 204-208. DOI: 10.12138/j.issn.1671-9638.20226649.
70 胡付品, 朱德妹. 医疗机构碳青霉烯类耐药肠杆菌科细菌感染防控指南简介[J]. 中国感染与化疗杂志, 2018, 18(3): 331-335. DOI: 10.16718/j.1009-7708.2018.03.019.
71 Wu YE, Xu HY, Shi HY, et al. Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infection treated successfully with high-dose meropenem in a preterm neonate[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2020, 11: 566060. PMID: 33041807. PMCID: PMC7518023. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.566060.
72 Nabarro LEB, Shankar C, Pragasam AK, et al. Clinical and bacterial risk factors for mortality in children with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections in India[J]. Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2017, 36(6): e161-e166. PMID: 28005691. DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001499.
73 郭燕, 胡付品, 朱德妹, 等. 儿童临床分离碳青霉烯类耐药肠杆菌科细菌的耐药性变迁[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2018, 56(12): 907-914. PMID: 30518004. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2018.12.005.
74 李小霞, 王燕, 朱琳, 等. 55例耐碳青霉烯类革兰阴性菌新生儿败血症临床特征和病原菌分布及其耐药性[J]. 中华医院感染学杂志, 2019, 29(16): 2500-2504. DOI: 10.11816/cn.ni.2019-186325.
75 Wang J, Lv Y, Yang W, et al. Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of infection/colonization due to carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in neonatal patients[J]. BMC Microbiol, 2022, 22(1): 177. PMID: 35820815. PMCID: PMC9277881. DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02585-z.
76 刘仕祺, 杜娟, 杨子馨, 等. 口服复方新诺明治疗新生儿耐药肠杆菌败血症9例病例系列报告[J]. 中国循证儿科杂志, 2022, 17(1): 10-15. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5501.2022.01.002.
77 Weng B, Zhang X, Hong W, et al. A case of sepsis due to carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in an extremely low-birth weight infant treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole[J]. Infect Drug Resist, 2021, 14: 2321-2325. PMID: 34188498. PMCID: PMC8235925. DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S312183.
78 Alanezi G, Almulhem A, Aldriwesh M, et al. A triple antimicrobial regimen for multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia in a neonatal intensive care unit outbreak: a case series[J]. J Infect Public Health, 2022, 15(1): 138-141. PMID: 34742638. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.10.008.
79 Li G, Bielicki JA, Ahmed ASMNU, et al. Towards understanding global patterns of antimicrobial use and resistance in neonatal sepsis: insights from the NeoAMR network[J]. Arch Dis Child, 2020, 105(1): 26-31. PMID: 31446393. PMCID: PMC6951234. DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2019-316816.
80 王传清, 王爱敏, 俞蕙, 等. 2016年儿童细菌耐药监测[J]. 中华儿科杂志, 2018, 56(1): 29-33. PMID: 29342994. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2018.01.008.