Risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy in infants: a multicenter prospective nested case-control study

HOU Lin; MA Zi-Jun; CHAO Shuang; LI Zhong-Yuan; ZHANG Yu; LIU Yi-Jian; ZHANG Jun-Hong; WU Wen-Yan; HUANG Shan-Ya-Mei; LIU Jie

doi:10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2309105

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Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ›› 2024, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3) : 230-235. DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2309105

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy in infants: a multicenter prospective nested case-control study

HOU Lin, MA Zi-Jun, CHAO Shuang, LI Zhong-Yuan, ZHANG Yu, LIU Yi-Jian, ZHANG Jun-Hong, WU Wen-Yan, HUANG Shan-Ya-Mei, LIU Jie

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Abstract

Objective To explore the risk factors associated with cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants. Methods This study was a multicenter prospective nested case-control study conducted in seven medical centers in Beijing, China. Infants aged 0-12 months were included, with 200 cases of CMPA infants and 799 control infants without CMPA. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of CMPA. Results Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that preterm birth, low birth weight, birth from the first pregnancy, firstborn, spring birth, summer birth, mixed/artificial feeding, and parental history of allergic diseases were associated with an increased risk of CMPA in infants (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that firstborn (OR=1.89, 95%CI: 1.14-3.13), spring birth (OR=3.42, 95%CI: 1.70-6.58), summer birth (OR=2.29, 95%CI: 1.22-4.27), mixed/artificial feeding (OR=1.57, 95%CI: 1.10-2.26), parental history of allergies (OR=2.13, 95%CI: 1.51-3.02), and both parents having allergies (OR=3.15, 95%CI: 1.78-5.56) were risk factors for CMPA in infants (P<0.05). Conclusions Firstborn, spring birth, summer birth, mixed/artificial feeding, and a family history of allergies are associated with an increased risk of CMPA in infants.

Key words

Cow's milk protein allergy / Risk factor / Food allergy / Infant

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HOU Lin, MA Zi-Jun, CHAO Shuang, LI Zhong-Yuan, ZHANG Yu, LIU Yi-Jian, ZHANG Jun-Hong, WU Wen-Yan, HUANG Shan-Ya-Mei, LIU Jie. Risk factors for cow's milk protein allergy in infants: a multicenter prospective nested case-control study[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2024, 26(3): 230-235 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2309105

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