Childhood acute myeloid leukemia with TLS::ERG fusion gene: a clinical analysis of 12 cases

Xiang LI, Ke-Ke CHEN, Xin TIAN, Yong-Zhi ZHENG, Ben-Shan ZHANG, Hua JIANG, Li-Hua YANG, Hui-Rong MAI, Hong-Gui XU, Xiao-Qin FENG, Xiang-Ling HE

Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ›› 2026, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9) : 1099-1105.

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Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ›› 2026, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (9) : 1099-1105. DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2601123
CLINICAL RESEARCH

Childhood acute myeloid leukemia with TLS::ERG fusion gene: a clinical analysis of 12 cases

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Abstract

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with TLS::ERG fusion gene. Methods Clinical data from multiple pediatric hematology centers in South China were retrospectively reviewed for the period September 2015 to October 2025. Cases harboring the TLS::ERG fusion gene were identified and analyzed. Results Among 875 children with AML, 12 (1.4%) were TLS::ERG positive; there were 6 males and 6 females, with a median age of 88 months. The complete remission rate after 2 induction courses was 83% (10/12). Six patients relapsed, yielding a relapse rate of 50% (6/12). Four patients remained disease-free, six died after relapse, and two were lost to follow-up. The 5-year overall survival and event-free survival were 38.4% (95%CI: 16.8%-87.8%) and 30.0% (95%CI: 12.0%-74.7%), respectively. Conclusions Pediatric AML with TLS::ERG fusion is rare, shows a high early induction remission rate, but has a high relapse rate and poor prognosis.

Key words

Acute myeloid leukemia / TLS::ERG fusion gene / C-HUANAN-AML-15 protocol / Chromosomal translocation / Child

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Xiang LI , Ke-Ke CHEN , Xin TIAN , et al . Childhood acute myeloid leukemia with TLS::ERG fusion gene: a clinical analysis of 12 cases[J]. Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics. 2026, 28(9): 1099-1105 https://doi.org/10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2601123

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