Current status of exclusive breastfeeding for the second child and factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding in the context of the universal two-child policy
LUO Ye, ZHAO Hua, LIU Rui-Fang, SHI Hong-Juan
Medical School, Quzhou College of Technology, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324000, China
Abstract Objective To investigate the current status of exclusive breastfeeding for the second child in the context of the universal two-child policy and the factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding. Methods A self-designed questionnaire for the current status of breastfeeding and related factors influencing breastfeeding for the second child were used to survey 836 mothers with a second child, who were selected by cluster sampling, in Quzhou, Zhejiang, China. Results A total of 680 usable questionnaires were obtained. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding for the second child was significantly lower than for the first child (34.9% vs 42.2%; P < 0.05). The univariate analysis revealed that there were significant differences between the exclusive and non-exclusive breastfeeding groups in the mother's age, education background, occupation and time of maternity leave, mode of delivery of the first child, sex of the first child, feeding pattern of the first child, mode of delivery of the second child, whether the second child was admitted to the intensive care unit, whether the father supported breastfeeding, and whether the grandmother/maternal grandmother supported breastfeeding (P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that artificial feeding+partial breastfeeding for the first child (OR=12.286, P < 0.05), cesarean section for the second child (OR=1.724, P < 0.05), and having no breastfeeding support from the maternal grandmother (OR=1.651, P < 0.05) were main factors for influencing exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusions The current status of exclusive breastfeeding for the second child is not optimistic in the context of the universal two-child policy. Education about breastfeeding should be taken seriously at the birth of the first child, the rate of cesarean section should be reduced, and the family members should support exclusive breastfeeding, in order to improve the status of exclusive breastfeeding.
LUO Ye,ZHAO Hua,LIU Rui-Fang et al. Current status of exclusive breastfeeding for the second child and factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding in the context of the universal two-child policy[J]. CJCP, 2018, 20(5): 392-396.
LUO Ye,ZHAO Hua,LIU Rui-Fang et al. Current status of exclusive breastfeeding for the second child and factors influencing exclusive breastfeeding in the context of the universal two-child policy[J]. CJCP, 2018, 20(5): 392-396.
Wang Y, Zhu J, He C, et al. Geographical disparities of infant mortality in rural China[J]. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed, 2012, 97(4):F285-F290.
[2]
Rudan I, Chan KY, Zhang JS, et al. Causes of deaths in children younger than 5 years in China in 2008[J]. Lancet, 2010, 375(9720):1083-1089.
[3]
Guo S, Fu X, Scherpbier RW, et al. Breastfeeding rates in central and western China in 2010:implications for child and population health[J]. Bull World Health Organ, 2013, 91(5):322-331.
Indraccolo U, Bracalente M, Di Iorio R, et al. Pain and breastfeeding:a prospective observational study[J]. Clin Exp Obst Gynecol, 2012, 39(4):454-457.
[12]
Feng XL, Wang Y, An L, et al. Cesarean section in the People's Republic of China:current perspectives[J]. Int J Womens Health, 2014, 6:59-74.
Negin J, Coffman J, Vizintin P, et al. The influence of grandmothers on breastfeeding rates:a systematic review[J]. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2016, 16:91.
[18]
Zhu J, Chan WC, Zhou X, et al. Predictors of breast feeding selfefficacy among Chinese mothers:a cross-sectional questionnaire survey[J]. Midwifery, 2014, 30(6):705-711.
[19]
Sherriff N, Hall V, Panton C. Engaging and supporting fathers to promote breast feeding:a concept analysis[J]. Midwifery, 2014, 30(6):667-677.