Abstract Objective To study the value of serum miR-21-3p combined with serum creatinine (Scr), cystatin C (Cys-C), and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) in predicting acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with sepsis. Methods A total of 142 children who were diagnosed with sepsis from January 2016 to March 2019 were enrolled. According to the presence or absence of AKI, they were divided into AKI group with 49 children and non-AKI group with 93 children. The serum levels of miR-21-3p, Scr, Cys-C, and KIM-1 were measured for the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to analyze the value of serum miR-21-3p, Scr, Cys-C, and KIM-1 in predicting AKI. A Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of serum miR-21-3p with Scr, Cys-C, and KIM-1. Results The AKI group had significantly higher serum levels of miR-21-3p, Scr, Cys-C, and KIM-1 than the nonAKI group (P < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis showed that the combination of serum miR-21-3p, Scr, Cys-C, and KIM-1 had an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.962 (95%CI:0.906-0.998), which was significantly larger than the AUC of each index alone (P < 0.05), with a sensitivity of 97.0% and a specificity of 91.4%. The correlation analysis showed that the serum level of miR-21-3p was positively correlated with Scr, Cys-C, and KIM-1 in the AKI group (r=0.704, 0.812, and 0.863 respectively, P < 0.01). Conclusions There is a significant increase in the serum level of miR-21-3p in children with sepsis and AKI, and its combination with Scr, Cys-C, and KIM-1 has a high value in predicting AKI.
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