Abstract Objective To observe the effect of montelukast treatment on levels of serum leukotriene B4 and urinary leukotriene E4 in infants with bronchiolitis. Methods Seventy-five children who were diagnosed with bronchiolitis between June 2014 and December 2014 were randomly assigned into two groups, one with thirty-eight cases as the montelukast treatment group and another thirty-seven cases as the control group. All of the children were given routine medical treatment. The children in the montelukast treatment group were additionally given montelukast daily (4 mg once a day, for 7 days). The serum leukotriene B4 and urinary leukotriene E4 levels were measured using ELISA before and after treatment. The relationship between serum leukotriene B4 and urinary leukotriene E4 levels was analyzed by Peason correlation analysis. Results After 7 days of treatment, the serum leukotriene B4 and urinary leukotriene E4 levels in the montelukast treatment and control groups were significantly reduced compared with before treatment (PPPr=0.723, PConclusions Montelukast has a reliable clinical curative efficacy for bronchiolitis in infants, possibly by decreasing serum leukotriene D4 and urinary leukotriene E4 levels.
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