CJCP
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2012 Vol.  14 No.  09
Published: 2012-09-15
EXPERT LECTURE
CLINICAL RESEARCH
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
CASE REPORT
REVIEW
EXPERT LECTURE
643 Koravangattu SANKARAN, Manna ADEGBITE
Noninvasive respiratory support in neonates: A brief review
In the era of gentle ventilation and open lung strategy noninvasive ventilatory support in neonates has gained momentum and its use in nurseries around the world is also increased. This paper reviews various modalities of non-invasive respiratory support in some details and its relevance in the recent evidence based use. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is a mode of ventilatory assistance in which positive pressure is delivered to the airway throughout the respiratory cycle. It is also referred to as continuous distending pressure (CDP) or positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) when applied through a ventilator along with intermittent mandatory ventilation (IMV). It has been proven over the years to be an effective mode of ventilatory support and as such has gained widespread use in the management of a variety of neonatal respiratory diseases. It is relatively cheap and easy to apply and certainly feasible for routine use in underdeveloped world. Besides improving oxygenation CPAP often functions as an airway stabilizer of the trachea thus helping to decrease the frequency of neonatal apneas, particularly the obstructive variety. There is good to fair quality supportive evidence from several studies that the use of primary CPAP can reduce the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation in infants less than 32 weeks gestation. In this review, we will attempt to describe different delivery devices and pressure generating systems and discuss different ways in which CPAP can be applied. Although it is unclear that primary use of CPAP can reduce overall neonatal mortality and morbidity it is becoming increasingly clear that early CPAP use is less invasive, baby friendly and decreases the need and frequency of the use of surfactants. Besides, clinical indications for CPAP, its advantages and limitations will also be explored. CPAP adjuncts such as nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) and infant flow driver will also be discussed.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 643-652 [Abstract] ( 8348 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 890KB] ( 2982 )
CLINICAL RESEARCH
653 LI Yu-Liu, WANG Hua
Serum osteoprotegerin level in children with nephrotic syndrome and the effect of glucocorticoid on it
OBJECTIVE: To observe serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) level in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) and changes in serum OPG level after glucocorticoid therapy, with the aim of studying the role of OPG in the bone metabolism of children with NS. METHODS: Forty-four children with idiopathic NS were randomly selected as the study group, including 24 newly diagnosed, untreated patients and 20 who had relapsed during the process of glucocorticoid reduction (cumulative dose of glucocorticoid 28327±5879 mg/m2). Twenty-three age- and sex-matched healthy children served as the control group.Serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) level was measured using ELISA. Serum N-terminal midfragment of osteocalcin (N-MID osteocalcin) was determined using electrochemical luminescence immunoassays (ECLIA). RESULTS: Serum levels of OPG (211±55 ng/L) and N-MID osteocalcin (46±14 ng/mL) in the untreated NS group were reduced compared with 470±57 ng/L (OPG) and 73±9 ng/ml (N-MID osteocalcin) in the control group (P<0.05). Serum levels of OPG (176±42 ng/L) and N-MID osteocalcin (29±10 ng/mL) in the NS relapsed group were lower than in the untreated NS and control groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Bone metabolism disorders are found in children with NS. High-doses of glucocorticoid therapy can aggravate these disorders. Serum OPG levels in children with NS may be affected by both the renal disease itself and steroid therapy, suggesting that OPG is expected to become a new biochemical indicator for predicting changes to the bone metabolism of children with NS.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 653-656 [Abstract] ( 4346 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 951KB] ( 1086 )
657 SONG Shao-Na, ZHANG Bi-Li, WANG Wen-Hong, ZHANG Xuan
Spectrum and drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria in children with nephrotic syndrome complicated by urinary tract infection: an analysis of 97 cases
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the spectrum and drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) complicated by urinary tract infection (UTI). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the spectrum and drug sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria in 97 children with NS complicated by UTI, who hospitalized from January to December, 2011. RESULTS: The incidence of UTI in children with NS was 36.5%. It was significantly more common in children with recurrent NS than in those with primary NS (44.0% vs 31.9%; P<0.05). These cases mainly presented with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Enterococcus was the most common pathogenic bacteria (50.5%), including Enterococcus faecium (29.4%) and Enterococcus faecalis (21.1%), followed by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (15.6%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.7%). Enterococcus was highly sensitive to nitrofurantoin, vacomycin and linezolid, but was highly resistant to tetracycline and moxifloxacin. More multi-resistant strains were detected in Enterococcus faecium than in Enterococcus faecalis (72% vs 17%; P<0.05). Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were highly sensitive to amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam. Of the Gram-negative bacteria, 25% produced extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). ESBLs-producing bacteria had 100% sensitivity to imipenem, amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam but were highly resistant to ampicillin, cefazolin and ceftriaxone. CONCLUSIONS: Children with recurrent NS are more susceptible to UTI than those with primary NS. Enterococcus is becoming major pathogenic bacteria for UTI in children with NS and has relatively high drug resistance, and most strains of Enterococcus faecium are multi-resistant.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 657-660 [Abstract] ( 4906 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 897KB] ( 1442 )
661 XU Li-Ping, REN Rong-Na, ZHU Shao-Bo, ZHUANG Hong-Mei, HUANG Zhong-Ling, YANG Hong
Effect of chorioamnionitis on brain injury in preterm infants
OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between chorioamnionitis and brain injury in preterm infants. METHODS: A total of 88 preterm infants (28-34 weeks), who were born between June 2008 and June 2011, were divided into a case group (n=41) and a control group (n=47) according to whether or not they had chorioamnionitis. All the infants were examined by brain ultrasonography periodically after birth and underwent brain diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) between 3 and 7 days after birth. The two groups were compared in terms of the incidence of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) and periventricular and intraventricular hemorrhage (PVH-IVH) by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the corrected gestational age of 40 weeks. RESULTS: There was statistical significance in the incidence of PVL between the case and the control groups (32% vs 6%; P0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Chorioamnionitis is associated with brain injury in preterm infants, increasing the incidence of PVL but having little influence over the incidence of PVH-IVH.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 661-663 [Abstract] ( 4959 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 885KB] ( 1375 )
664 LI Feng, ZHANG Yuan-Hai, SHAO Lan, CHEN Qi
Predictive indices for critical condition for infants and young children with severe pneumonia
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the early predictive indices of critical condition in infants and young children with severe pneumonia, and to provide reference for diagnosis and treatment of the disease. METHODS: Clinical data were collected on 411 patients (aged 1-36 months) with severe pneumonia who were admitted from January 2009 to December 2011, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using 23 potential indices. These cases were divided into a critical group of 139 cases who died in hospital or needed rescue or mechanical ventilation during the course of disease and an ordinary group of 411 cases. RESULTS: Eight indices with statistical significance were selected to predict the critical condition after multivariate logistic regression analysis, including hypocalcemia with the highest odds ratio (OR) (11.488), followed by sinus tachycardia (7.506), congenital heart disease (5.977), brain disorder symptoms (5.182), premature birth (4.978), blood potassium abnormality (2.910), metabolic acidosis (2.489) and malnutrition (2.048). CONCLUSIONS: The predictive indices of critical condition in infants and young children with severe pneumonia are hypocalcemia, sinus tachycardia, congenital heart disease, brain disorder symptoms, premature birth, blood potassium abnormality, metabolic acidosis and malnutrition. The infants and young children with these risk factors need intensive care.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 664-666 [Abstract] ( 5380 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 878KB] ( 1766 )
667 ZHANG Hui-Fang, PAN Jia-Hua, LI Qian, ZHOU Hao-Quan, NI Chen
Causes of chronic cough in children
OBJECTIVE: To study the causes of chronic cough in children. METHODS: Retrospective analysis was carried out on the clinical data of 132 children with chronic cough from August 2010 to September 2011. RESULTS: Several conditions were found to contribute to chronic cough in children, including cough variant asthma (CVA, n=56), upper airway cough syndrome (UACS, n=44), infections/postinfectious cough (IC/PIC, n=22), allergic cough (AC, n=8), gastroesophageal reflux cough (GERC, n=5), and others (n=3). There was significant difference in the distribution of IC/IPC among an infant group (1 year), a group of preschool aged children (>3 years) and a group of school-age children (6-14 years) (χ2=11.638, P=0.001), and the infant group showed a significantly higher prevalence of IC/PIC than the other three age groups (P<0.05). IC/PIC was the main cause of chronic cough in the infant group, while CVA and UACS were the main causes in each of the other groups. A relatively large proportion of AC, CVA and UACS cases had a personal history of allergy, a family history of allergy/asthma and a history of exposure to harmful environments. CONCLUSIONS: CVA, UACS, and IC/PIC are main causes of chronic cough in children, varying among different age groups. Children with a personal history of allergy, family history of allergy/asthma and a history of exposure to harmful environment are more vulnerable to AC, CVA and UACS.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 667-670 [Abstract] ( 5772 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 893KB] ( 1726 )
671 HUANG Ya-Na, HUANG Ying, DAI Ji-Hong, YANG Fang-Fang
Causes of stopping subcutaneous specific immunotherapy in asthmatic children
OBJECTIVE: To improve the compliance with subcutaneous specific immunotherapy (SCIT) by analyzing the causes of stopping SCIT in asthmatic children. METHODS: A telephone follow-up was conducted in the asthmatic children who received SCIT but did not finished the 3-year course of treatment from June 2005 to October 2010, so as to analyze the causes of stopping SCIT. RESULTS: A total of 616 asthmatic children received SCIT, and 322 (52.2%) of them stopped SCIT.A total of 127 cases (39.4%) of the 322 children received telephone follow-up. In the 127 children, 53 (41.8%) stopped the SCIT for the reason of bad effecacy, 29 (22.8%) for remission of asthma,12 (9.4%) for expensive fees, 10 (7.9%) for complex process of treatment, 10 (7.9%) for adverse reaction, 9 (7.1%) for long distance from the hospital, and 4 (3.1%) for having no time for treatment. And 69 (54.3%) of them stopped SCIT in the first year, 28 (22.1%) in the second year, and 30 (23.6%) in the third year. Currently, 85 cases (66.9%) of the 127 asthmatic children were up to the control level, and the other 42 cases were not. There was significant difference in the control level of asthma berween the group receiving treatment with regular inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and the group receiving treatment with irregular ICS (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Bad efficacy, remission of asthma, expensive fees, complex process of treatment, and adverse reaction are the main reasons contributing to the stop of SCIT in asthmatic children. To improve the compliance with SCIT, It is important to make the patients and their parents understand the long treatment course and slow effect of SCIT, encourage them to use objective indices for evaluating the state of asthma, and effectively prevent and treat the adverse reactions.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 671-674 [Abstract] ( 4300 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 928KB] ( 1001 )
675 ZHANG Yong, LI Jin-Xia
Investigation of current infection with Helicobacter pylori in children with gastrointestinal symptoms
OBJECTIVE: To investigate current infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and related risk factors in children with gastrointestinal symptoms. METHODS: A total of 376 children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms were examined by gastroscopy. Three pieces of gastric mucosa were sampled for rapid urease test and pathohistological examination. Some children received 13C-urea breath test. Children with two or more positive results were diagnosed with H. pylori infection. A questionnaire on living environment, family economic status, parents’ education level and family history of gastrointestinal diseases was completed for all children. RESULTS: The H. pylori infection rate was 44.9% (169/376) in children with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. There was no statistical difference in the infection rate between males and females (P>0.05). The H. pylori infection rates in the 3 to 7-year old, 8 to 12-year old and 13 to 16-year-old children were 39.5% (47/119), 41.0% (55/134), and 54.5% (67/123) respectively, with significant differences between different age groups (χ2 = 6.76, P<0.05). The H. pylori positive rate was significantly higher in children who were in full-time nursery or collective living and dining than in those who were not (53.6% vs 40.6%; P<0.05). The H. pylori positive rate in high-income families was lower than that in middle to low-income families (36.9% vs 48.3%; P<0.05). In addition, the H. pylori positive rate in children with well-educated parents was lower than in those with parents who had not received higher education (39.5% vs 50.8%; P<0.05). The H. pylori infection rate in children with a family history of digestive disease was significantly higher than in those without family history of gastrointestinal diseases (52.9% vs 41.2%; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The infection rate increases with age and is higher in children who are in collective living and dining, come from low income family, have parents who have not received higher education and have a family history of upper gastrointestinal diseases.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 675-677 [Abstract] ( 5872 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 878KB] ( 1298 )
678 SHI Rui-Ming, CAO Xiao-Qin, LUO Shu-Fang, FANG Xia-Ling, WANG Rong-Hua, LIU Zhi-Gang
Clinical manifestations and gene mutations of a Chinese family with MYH9-related syndrome
OBJECTIVE: To explore the method for early diagnosis and pathogenesis of MYH9-related syndrome through analysis of the clinical manifestation and gene mutation of a Chinese family with MYH9-related syndrome. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from a three-generation Chinese family with MYH9-relatedsyndrome (11 individuals, including 3 patients) and 100 healthy individuals. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and direct sequencing of DNA were performed to analyze mutations of MYH9 gene. RESULTS: Thrombocytopenia, increased volume of platelet, and granulocyte inclusion bodies were found in the patients with MYH9-related syndrome via a peripheral blood test. A missense mutation of a base pair (G-A) in exon 30 was revealed by PCR amplification and direct sequencing of MYH9 of the proband. That lead to Asp-Asn substitution at position 1424 (D1424N mutation). The mutation was the same as in other patients with MYH9-related syndrome. It was not found in healthy people from the Chinese family or in the other 100 healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with MYH9-related syndrome show diverse symptoms. Mutation of MYH9 gene may be the molecular mechanism of MYH9-related syndrome, and D1424N mutation of MYH9 has not been reported in Chinese people. Early diagnosis of MYH9-related syndrome can be carried out by investigating family history and making early examinations.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 678-682 [Abstract] ( 4733 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1294KB] ( 1002 )
683 LUO Shu-Ying, TAN Li-Na, WEI Hai-Yan, ZHANG Yao-Dong, CHEN Yong-Xing
Association of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4+49A/G polymorphism with childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) + 49A/G polymorphism with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children. METHODS: Papers about the association of CTLA4+49A/G polymorphism with T1DM in children were collected by searching PubMed, EBSCO, CBM, CNKI, and Wanfang Data. A meta-analysis was performed to examine differences in the genotypes (AG, GG, and GG+AG) and G allele at position 49 of the CTLA-4 gene between a childhood T1DM group and a control group. RESULTS: A total of 10 papers involving 1084 T1DM children and 1338 healthy children were included. The Meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association of the genotypes (AG, GG, and GG+AG) and the G allele at position 49 of the CTLA-4 gene with T1DM using a fixed effect model according to the heterogeneity test results of all studies. The pooled OR values (95% CI) were 1.13 (0.97-1.33), 1.42 (1.16-1.75), 1.20 (1.03-1.40), and 1.21 (1.09-1.33), suggesting a significant difference in genotypes (AG, GG, and GG+AG) and the G allele at position 49 of the CTLA-4 gene between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism is associated with T1DM in children.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 683-688 [Abstract] ( 8301 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1333KB] ( 1098 )
689 ZHOU Ke-Ying, GAO Mei-Hao, YANG Chun-He, ZHANG Jia-Nan, CHEN Yan-Zhao, SONG Jin-Zhi, ZHUANG Yan-Yun, ZHANG Xiao-Yuan, ZHANG Wei, WEN Fei-Qiu
An epidemiological survey of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in school-age children in Shenzhen
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and behavior problems among school-age children in Shenzhen City of Guangdong. METHODS: A total of 10553 students in Grades 1-6 from different primary schools in Shenzhen City were assessed by Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ) and Conners Teacher Rating Scale (TRS). Children showing abnormalities according to PSQ or TRS were further assessed according to the diagnostic standard for ADHD as laid out in the diagnostic and statistical manual for mental disorders- 4th edition (DSM-Ⅳ). RESULTS: A total of 8193 PSQ and TRS assessments were completed. The children were aged from 7 to 13 years. The total prevalence rate was 7.60% by PSQ and 5.59 % by TRS. Four hundred and forty-two children were diagnosed having ADHD by DSM-Ⅳ, with a prevalence rate of 5.39%. There were significant differences in the prevalence rate of ADHD among children aged 7 to 13 years (χ2=21.613, P<0.05). In children aged 7 to 9 years, the prevalence rate was higher (above 6%). The prevalence rate of ADHD in boys was significantly higher than in girls (6.65% vs 3.12%; P<0.05). Impulsion and hyperactivity (79.6%), learning (60.6%) and conduct disorders (52.0%) were the main behavioral problems in children with ADHD. The prevalence of learning disorders was higher in girls than in boys. Conclusions The prevalence rate of ADHD in children from primary schools in Shenzhen City is 5.39 %, and it is higher in children aged 7 to 9 years. Boys have a higher prevalence rates of ADHD than girls. Impulsion and hyperactivity, learning and conduct disorders are common problems in children with ADHD.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 689-692 [Abstract] ( 5274 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 892KB] ( 1770 )
693 CAO Yan-Na, TANG Reng-Hong, LI Rong-Rong, XIE Yan, LI Qiao-Lian, YI Jun-Hui
A retrospective study on the progression of myopia in school-age children
OBJECTIVE: To study the progression of myopia in school-age children over the past 12 years and factors influencing myopia progression. METHODS: A total of 4569 cases of 5 to 12-year-old children who had refractive examinations in the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University between January 2000 and December 2011 were enrolled in this study. The children had no family history of congenital high myopia or other eye diseases. Myopia progression was evaluated when the children were re-examined. The refractive state of each child was measured with cyclopiegic retinoscopy. RESULTS: The mean spherical equivalent (SE) myopia was-2.0±1.7 D between January 2000 and December 2011. There was no statistical difference in yearly myopia progression between different years. The average age of the myopic children decreased from 10.1 in 2000 to 8.9 years old in 2011 (P<0.05). Mean myopia progression was -0.6±0.7 D per year from 2000 to 2011. Myopia progression reduced gradually in 5 to 8-year-olds (P<0.05), however, it accelerated between ages 9 and 11 years. Myopia progression in 10- and 11-year-olds was significantly greater than in 7- and 8-year-olds (P<0.01). The multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that age and baseline myopic refraction were positively related to myopia progression. CONCLUSIONS: There was no obvious change in the yearly myopia progression of the children over the past 12 years. The mean age of myopia occurrence became younger with time. More preventive measures are needed to ward off high myopia in children with moderate myopia, especially those aged over 10 years.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 693-696 [Abstract] ( 4715 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 893KB] ( 1399 )
697 LI Zhen-Yan, DENG Zheng-Hao, LI Chun-Tao, TANG Yong-Jun, ZHONG Guang-Wei, LI Wei, LIU Yun-Sheng, LIU Jing-Ping
Changes of neuroglobin in the pathologic process of contusion and laceration of brain in children
OBJECTIVE: To study the role of neuroglobin (Ngb) in the pathologic process of contusion and laceration of brain in children. METHODS: The proteins in the brain tissue were extracted by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in 3 children undergoing brain ventricular neoplasms resection (normal brain tissue) and in 8 children with contusion and laceration of brain. The image analysis was done using the PDQuest 7.0 software. The differential protein spots were detected and analyzed with Applied Biosystems Voyager System 4307 MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometer and bioinformatical skills. Ngb expression in the brain tissue was measured using immunohistochemisty. Ngb expression in plasma was measured using ELISA in 15 children with contusion and laceration of brain and 10 healthy children. RESULTS: Expression maps of the brain tissue were established by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in children with contusion and laceration of brain and healthy children. Six differential protein spots were found and 5 of them were identified by mass spectrum. Immunohistochemisty assay showed that Ngb expression in the brain tissue in children with contusion and laceration of brain was significantly higher than in normal controls (P<0.05). ELISA results showed that Ngb expression in the plasma increased significantly 6, 12, 18, 24 and 48 hours after trauma in children with contusion and laceration of brain compared with healthy children (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Ngb may play an important role in the pathologic process of contusion and laceration of brain in children.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 697-702 [Abstract] ( 3832 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1189KB] ( 944 )
703 CHEN Jin-Lan, CHEN Yan-Hui
Effects of early environment on the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor and brain development Hot!
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of early environment on the learning-memory ability of rats and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), and to explore the influence of early environment on development of rat brain in developing stage and possible regulation mechanisms. METHODS: Forty-five newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (15 rats in each group): enriched environment group (EE group), isolated environment group (IE group) and normal control group (NC group). The pups were nurtured separately in their groups. The learning-memory abilities of the rats were measured by "Y"-arm maze test 28 to 29 days after birth. The number of neural cells and the expression of BDNF and TrkB in the hippocampal CA3 and frontal lobewere were detected by Nissl’s staining and immunohistochemistry respectively. RESULTS: The results of the "Y"-arm maze test showed that rats in the EE group needed less training times, and retained a higher percentage of memory than the other two groups (P<0.01). Rats in the IE group needed more training times, and retained a lower percentage of memory than the NC group (P<0.01). By Nissl’s staining, the numbers of neural cells in the hippocampal CA3 and frontal lobe were highest in the EE group followed by the NC group. They were lowest in the IE group (P<0.01). By immunohistochemistry, the expression of BDNF in the hippocampal CA3 and frontal lobe were highest in the EE group followed by the NC group. It was lowest in the IE group (P<0.01). Results were similar for expression of TrkB. CONCLUSIONS: Early environment can affect the long-term brain development and brain function of rats by influencing the expression of BDNF and its receptor TrkB in the hippocampus and frontal lobe.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 703-707 [Abstract] ( 4957 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1473KB] ( 1269 )
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
708 YANG Yang, KAN Qing, QIU Jie, PU Xiao-Dan, ZHANG Pan, ZHANG Xiao-Qun, ZHOU Xiao-Yu
Role of miRNA-126/miRNA-126* in the fetal lung development of rats
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression and role of miRNA-126/miRNA-126* in the fetal lung development of rats. METHODS: Twelve pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups and the fetal rats were removed at 16, 19 and 21 days of gestation respectively. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed to observe lung morphology of fetal rats. Then microRNA (miRNA) microarray was used to study the expression patterns of miRNA-126/miRNA-126* in fetal lungs at the three time points. And miRNA-126* was selected for further study by real-time PCR. RESULTS: There was no evident difference in the expression of miRNA-126 among the three groups, however the expression level of miRNA-126* increased gradually as the fetal lung developed. The real-time PCR result further showed that expression of miRNA-126* increased gradually with lung development, displaying significant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: miRNA-126* may play an important role in development of the fetal lung in rats.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 708-712 [Abstract] ( 4663 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1193KB] ( 1059 )
CASE REPORT
713 FU Rong, QIAN Xin-Hong, CHENG Sheng-Quan, WU Hua-Jie, SHI Zhao-Ling, LIU Yu-Dong
Upper gastrointestinal bleeding and hyperglycemia induced by acute alcoholism in an infant
No abstract vailale
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 713-714 [Abstract] ( 3070 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 922KB] ( 903 )
715 WANG Ru-Fa, LOU Yue
Pyogenic osteomyelitis of femoral bone in a neonate
No abstract available
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 715-716 [Abstract] ( 3868 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 988KB] ( 1000 )
717 XU Fang-Xiang, LIAO Xiang-Fu, LIU Dong-Hai, HE Qing-Nan
Trichothiodystrophy complicated by SIBI(D)S syndrome: a case report
No abstract available
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 717-718 [Abstract] ( 4494 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 908KB] ( 1291 )
REVIEW
719 YU Zhang-Bin, GUO Xi-Rong
A new component of breast milk: microRNA
MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of non-coding endogenous small molecule single strand RNA which is found in human body fluids. In recent years, miRNAs have been found in breast milk and parts of miRNAs are related to immune organ development and regulation of the immune function in infants. This article summarizes the functions of miRNA in breast milk and evidence-based clinical practice, and the differences between microRNA content and species in breast milk and cow milk. Understandng the role of miRNA can bring new opportunities for childhood nutrition research.
2012 Vol. 14 (09): 719-723 [Abstract] ( 5572 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 900KB] ( 1577 )
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