Abstract Objective To analyze the risk factors for invasive pulmonary fungal infection (IPFI) and to provide a theoretical basis for the early prevention and treatment of IPFI. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted on the clinical data of children hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit between January 2012 and March 2013. These children consisted of 48 patients with a clinical diagnosis of IPFI (IPFI group) and 106 pneumonia patients without a clinical diagnosis of IPFI (non-IPFI group). The clinical date of the two groups were compared and analyzed. The main risk factors for the development of IPIF were identified by unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Compared with the non-IPIF group, the IPIF group had significantly lower mean age and serum albumin level (PPPConclusions For the infants with suspected IPFI for whom pathogenic examination is difficult to perform, IPFI should be considered in cases of invasive mechanical ventilation, diarrhea, long-time uses of broad-spectrum antibiotics and corticosteroids and hypoalbuminemia, and empirical antifungal therapy should be performed as soon as possible.
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