CJCP
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2014 Vol.  16 No.  8
Published: 2014-08-15
CLINICAL RESEARCH
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
CASE REPORT
REVIEW
CLINICAL RESEARCH
779 MU Fa-Guang, HE Hai-Lan, LI Jing
Risk factors for invasive pulmonary fungal infection in children
Objective To analyze the risk factors for invasive pulmonary fungal infection (IPFI) and to provide a theoretical basis for the early prevention and treatment of IPFI. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted on the clinical data of children hospitalized in the pediatric intensive care unit between January 2012 and March 2013. These children consisted of 48 patients with a clinical diagnosis of IPFI (IPFI group) and 106 pneumonia patients without a clinical diagnosis of IPFI (non-IPFI group). The clinical date of the two groups were compared and analyzed. The main risk factors for the development of IPIF were identified by unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Compared with the non-IPIF group, the IPIF group had significantly lower mean age and serum albumin level (P<0.01), significantly longer mean length of hospital stay, duration of antibiotic use, and duration of corticosteroid use (P<0.01), and significantly higher rates of malnutrition, invasive mechanical ventilation, indwelling catheter use, oropharyngeal fungal infection, and diarrhea (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that invasive mechanical ventilation, diarrhea, long duration of corticosteroid use, long duration of antibiotic use, young age, and low serum albumin level were independent risk factors for the development of IPFI. Conclusions For the infants with suspected IPFI for whom pathogenic examination is difficult to perform, IPFI should be considered in cases of invasive mechanical ventilation, diarrhea, long-time uses of broad-spectrum antibiotics and corticosteroids and hypoalbuminemia, and empirical antifungal therapy should be performed as soon as possible.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 779-782 [Abstract] ( 4439 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 956KB] ( 1077 )
783 HU Yuan, LU Mei-Ping, TENG Li-Ping, GUO Li, ZOU Li-Xia
Risk factors for pleural lung disease in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Objective To investigate the risk factors for pleural lung disease (PLD) in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and to provide a basis for the early diagnosis and timely treatment of this disease. Methods A total of 360 children with a confirmed diagnosis of JIA were enrolled, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent a chest X-ray. The patients with PLD were assigned to PLD group, while those without PLD were assigned to non-PLD group. The clinical, imaging, and laboratory results of JIA patients with PLD were analyzed. Results Among the 360 JIA patients, 43 (11.9%) had PLD, and 9 (21%) of them had respiratory symptoms. Chest X-ray findings mainly included interstitial pneumonitis (53.5%) and pleurisy and/or pleural effusion (38.1%). In the 43 cases of JIA-PLD, 4 (9.3%) had normal chest X-ray findings but abnormal chest CT findings. The incidence of PLD was relatively high in patients aged under 3 years and those aged 12 years or above. Children with systemic JIA had a relatively high incidence of PLD. Compared with the non-PLD group, the PLD group had a significantly higher incidence of anemia, elevated white blood cell (WBC) count and IgG levels in peripheral blood, and positive rheumatoid factors or antinuclear antibodies (P<0.05). Conclusions Among children with JIA, PLD is mostly seen in patients with systemic JIA or aged <3 years or ≥12 years, especially those with anemia, elevated WBC count and IgG levels, and positive rheumatoid factors or antinuclear antibodies. For JIA patients with PLD, interstitial pneumonitis is usually seen on chest X-ray or CT, but respiratory symptoms are rarely observed. Routine use of high-resolution chest CT is recommended for early diagnosis and timely treatment of PLD in children with JIA.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 783-786 [Abstract] ( 5119 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 960KB] ( 957 )
787 XIA Yan-Liang, GE Mei, WANG Zhen
Pathogenic analysis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the pediatric intensive care unit in high-altitude areas
Objective To investigate the pathogens of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and their drug resistance in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in high-altitude areas and to provide a clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of VAP. Methods A total of 94 children with VAP hospitalized in the PICU in high-altitude areas between June 2011 and June 2013 were recruited. Their lower respiratory tract secretions were collected for bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test. Results Of the 94 children with VAP, 22 (23%) had a single bacterial infection, and 72 (77%) had mixed infections, mostly with Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii (17 cases, 27%). Of the 178 isolated strains of pathogens, 139 (78%) were Gram-negative bacteria (G- bacteria), mainly including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 26 (15%) were Gram-positive bacteria (G+ bacteria), mainly including Staphylococcus aureus, and 13 (7%) were fungi, mainly including Candida albicans. Most G- bacteria had a high drug resistance. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was extensively drug-resistant. Acinetobacter baumannii was only highly sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam and imipenem. Multidrug resistance (methicillin resistance) was found in G+ bacteria, for which vancomycin was effective. Conclusions The pathogens of VAP in high-altitude areas are mostly G- bacteria, which may cause mixed infections and develop drug resistance. This provides guidance for the rational use of antimicrobial drugs and the development of key prevention and control measures for VAP.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 787-790 [Abstract] ( 5184 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 931KB] ( 1054 )
791 LUO Wen-Xin, HUANG Ying, LI Qu-Bei, HAN Jie
Values of a combination of multiple less invasive or non-invasive examinations in the diagnosis of pediatric sputum-negative pulmonary tuberculosis
Objective To study the values of a combination of multiple less invasive or non-invasive examinations including chest computed tomography (CT) scan, purified protein derivative (PPD) test, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test, and C-reactive protein (CRP) test in the diagnosis of pediatric sputum-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 269 children with confirmed pulmonary TB. Clinical symptoms and test results were analyzed and compared between the sputum-negative group (161 patients) and the sputum-positive group (108 patients). Results The sputum-negative group had atypical clinical symptoms, with fewer typical or relatively specific imaging features compared with the sputum-positive group. The positive rates of PPD, ESR, and CRP tests for the sputum-negative group were 39.1%, 44.1%, and 56.5%, respectively, versus 55.6%, 79.6%, and 59.3% for the sputum-positive group. There were significant differences in the positive rates of PPD and ESR tests between the two groups (P<0.05). More than 80% of the patients in each group were diagnosed with pulmonary TB according to three or four less invasive or non-invasive tests, without significant difference in the positive rate between the two groups (P>0.05). Forty-six patients in the sputum-negative group underwent bronchoscopy, and morphological changes with a diagnostic value and/or etiological and pathological evidence were observed in 40 (87.0%) of them. Conclusions The diagnosis rate of pediatric sputum-negative pulmonary TB can be increased by combining tests including chest CT scan, PPD test, ESR test, and CRP test. Bronchoscopy is a reliable method for the auxiliary diagnosis of pediatric sputum-negative pulmonary TB if the combining tests cannot provide compelling evidence.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 791-794 [Abstract] ( 4112 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 958KB] ( 1038 )
795 LI Ya-Qin, XUE Hai-Yan, CHEN Wei, CAO Lan-Fang
Application of asthma predictive index-based group therapy in wheezing children under 5 years of age
Objective To study the application value of asthma predictive index (API)-based group therapy in wheezing children under 5 years of age. Methods A total of 239 wheezing children under 5 years of age were divided into API-positive (n=126) and API-negative groups (n=113). Each group was randomly assigned to inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) subgroup and montelukast sodium (leukotriene receptor antagonist, LTRA) subgroup. The ICS and LTRA subgroups received the same drug therapy at the same dosage within the first four weeks of treatment. In the stable period of disease, the ICS subgroup only received aerosol inhalation of budesonide suspension, while the LTRA group was orally given montelukast sodium only. Asthma symptom scores were assessed and recorded at different time points. Results In the first four weeks of treatment, ICS and LTRA were effective both in the API-positive and API-negative groups; the two groups showed significant improvements in asthma symptom scores, and the asthma symptom score showed no significant difference between the ICS and LTRA subgroups of each group. After 24 weeks of treatment, the two therapies were still effective; in the API-positive group, the LTRA subgroup had a better treatment outcome than the ICS subgroup, but there was no significant difference in treatment outcome between the LTRA and ICS subgroups of the API-negative group. Conclusions For wheezing children under 5 years of age, therapeutic strategies can be chosen based on API in the stable period of disease, so as to better control wheezing.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 795-799 [Abstract] ( 5905 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 937KB] ( 1253 )
800 HAN Wen, XIE Yong, REN Shu-Ying, YIN Li-Ming, FEN Xiao-Ying, DENG Xiao-Hong, XIN Hai-Xia
Clinical application of tidal breathing lung function test in 1-4 years old children with wheezing diseases Hot!

Objective To study the clinical significance of tidal breathing lung function test in 1-4 years old children with wheezing diseases. Methods A total of 141 1-4 years old children with wheezing diseases were enrolled as the observed groups (41 cases of asthma, 54 cases of asthmatic bronchitis, and 46 cases of bronchopneumonia). Thirty children without respiratory diseases were enrolled as the control group. All the recruits underwent tidal breathing lung function test. The observed groups underwent bronchial dilation test, and tidal breathing flow volume (TBFV) parameters were evaluated before and after bronchial dilation test. Results The observed groups showed obstructive ventilatory disorder (65%) according to the TBFV loop, and their ratio of time to peak tidal expiratory flow (TPTEF) to total expiratory time (TE) and ratio of volume to peak expiratory flow (VPEF) to total expiratory volume (VE) were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). The asthma subgroup had significantly improved TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE after bronchial dilation test (P<0.05). Taking an improvement rate of ≥15% either for TPTEF/TE or for VPEF/VE as an indicator of positive bronchial dilation test, the bronchial dilation test had a sensitivity of 47% and a specificity of 84% in diagnosing asthma in 1-4 years old children. The positive rate was 28% among the children in the asthma subgroup with an TPTEF/TE ratio of ≥23% before bronchial dilation test, versus 65% in those with an TPTEF/TE ratio of <23%. Conclusions Obstructive ventilatory disorder is the main impairment of tidal breathing lung function in 1-4 years old children with wheezing diseases. Tidal breathing bronchial dilation test can reflect a reversal of airway obstruction to a certain extent. The sensitivity of bronchial dilation test for the diagnosis of asthma is not satisfactory in 1-4 years old children with wheezing diseases, but this test has a relatively high diagnostic value in children with severe airway obstruction.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 800-804 [Abstract] ( 4972 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1107KB] ( 1116 )
805 WEI Qiu-Fen, PAN Xin-Nian, LI Yan, FENG Lin, YAO Li-Ping, LIU Gui-Liang, MENG Dan-Hua, XU Jing, GUO Xiao-Fang, LIU Xian-Zhi
Efficacy of inhaled nitric oxide in premature infants with hypoxic respiratory failure
Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of low-concentration inhaled nitric oxide (NO) in the treatment of hypoxic respiratory failure (HRF) among premature infants. Methods Sixty premature infants (gestational age ≤34 weeks) with HRF were randomized into NO and control groups between 2012 and 2013, with 30 cases in each group. Both groups received nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) or mechanical ventilation. NO inhalation was continued for at least 7 days or until weaning in the NO group. The general conditions, blood gas results, complications, and clinical outcomes of the two groups were analyzed. Results The NO group showed significantly more improvement in blood gas results than the control group after 12 hours of treatment (P<0.05). After that, the change in oxygenation status over time showed no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in total time of assisted ventilation and duration of oxygen therapy between the two groups (P>0.05). The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), patent ductus arteriosus, necrotizing enterocolitis, retinopathy of prematurity, and pneumothorax in infants showed no significant differences between the NO and control groups (P>0.05), but the incidence of IVH and mortality were significantly lower in the NO group than in the control group (7% vs 17%, P<0.05; 3% vs 13%, P<0.05). Conclusions NO inhalation may improve oxygenation status and reduce the mortality in premature infants with HRF, but it cannot reduce the incidence of BPD and the total time of mechanical ventilation or nCPAP and duration of oxygen therapy. NO therapy may have a brain-protective effect for premature infants with HRF and does not increase clinical complications.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 805-809 [Abstract] ( 4746 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 993KB] ( 1183 )
810 ZHANG Jin-Feng, HUNAG Run-Zhong, HUANG Guan-Fen, OU Wei-Ming, LI Jian-Feng, CHEN Jin-Jin
Expression of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Objective To study the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and its significance in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 96 very low birth weight infants (gestational age of ≤32 weeks) who survived for more than 28 days and were admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between January 2010 and December 2012. These subjects were divided into BPD group (n=21) and non-BPD group (n=75). The expression of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in blood was measured by ELISA. Results The levels of TGF-β1 and PAI- 1 in the BPD group increased gradually from the 7th day to the 14th day and then to the 21st day after birth, and were significantly higher than in the non-BPD group at all time points (P<0.01). The TGF-β1 and PAI-1 levels in the non-BPD group on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days after birth were not significantly different from each other (P>0.05). Conclusions The expression of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 in blood is elevated in premature infants with BPD, which may be associated with the development of BPD.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 810-813 [Abstract] ( 5169 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1002KB] ( 826 )
814 YU Xin-Ying, FAN Ling
Effects of enteral nutrition starting time on digestive function and growth rate in very low birth weight infants
Objective To study the appropriate time of starting enteral nutrition and observe the effects of different enteral nutrition starting times on the digestive function, growth rate, and nosocomial infection rate in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI). Methods All the VLBWI admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit between February and December, 2012 were selected. Depending on different times of starting enteral nutrition, these infants were divided into three groups: ≤3 days (n=116), 4-6 days (n=36), and ≥7 days (n=26). The effects of different enteral nutrition starting times on digestive function, growth rate and nosocomial infection rate were analyzed. Results The ≤3 days group had significantly higher milk intake than the other two groups at one week after birth; the ≤3 days and 4-6 days group had significantly higher milk intake than the ≥7 days group at two and three weeks after birth. The growth rate showed no significant differences between the three groups. The ≤3 days group had a significantly shorter time of central venous catheterization than the other two groups, and the ≥7 days group had a significantly longer time to full enteral feeding than the other two groups. The nosocomial infection rate of the ≤3 days group (13.8%) was significantly lower than that of the ≥7 days group (46.2%). Conclusions For VLBWI, the time of starting enteral nutrition has no impact on growth rate, but starting enteral nutrition early can promote the development of gastrointestinal function, increase milk intake, shorten the time to full enteral feeding, reduce the time of central venous catheterization, and significantly reduce nosocomial infection rate.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 814-819 [Abstract] ( 3863 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 995KB] ( 798 )
820 BAO Shan, YANG Xiao-Yan, TANG Jun, WU Jin-Lin, MU De-Zhi
A co-word analysis of current research on neonatal jaundice
Objective To investigate the research on neonatal jaundice in recent years by co-word analysis and to summarize the hot spots and trend of research in this field in China. Methods The CNKI was searched with "neonate" and "jaundice" as the key words to identify the papers published from January 2009 to July 2013 that were in accordance with strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. To reveal the relationship between different high-frequency key words, Microsoft Office Excel 2013 was used for statistical analysis of key words, and Ucinet 6.0 and Netdraw were used for cooccurrence analysis. Results A total of 2 054 papers were included, and 44 high-frequency key words were extracted. The current hotspots of research on neonatal jaundice in China were displayed, and the relationship between different high-frequency key words was presented. Conclusions There has been in-depth research on clinical manifestations and diagnosis of neonatal jaundice in China, but further research is needed to investigate the etiology, mechanism, and treatment of neonatal jaundice.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 820-823 [Abstract] ( 5005 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1671KB] ( 1181 )
824 TANG Shuo, WU Xiao-Ping, YOU Jie-Yu
Clinical analysis of 10 cases of pediatric Crohn’s disease
Objective To study the clinical features and treatment of pediatric Crohn's disease (CD). Methods Clinical data of 10 children with active CD diagnosed between 2005 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. Results Abdominal pain, diarrhea, and bloody stools were the most common symptoms in these patients, usually accompanied by different degrees of growth retardation and nutritional disorders. Fever was the main extraintestinal manifestation. Enteroscopy showed discontinuous and segmental mucosal hyperaemia and erosion, cobblestone appearance and mucosal ulceration. Abdominal ultrasound revealed uneven and segmental thickening of the intestinal wall. The pathological esamination showed many lymphocytes, eosinophils and plasma cells infiltrating into the lamina propria and partial atrophy of mucosal gland. C-reactive protein (CRP) level was significantly lower in the remission stage than in the acute stage and the recurrence stage (P<0.05). The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was significantly lower in the remission stage than in the recurrence stage (P<0.05). Among mild cases identified by the pediatric Crohn's disease activity index (PCDAI) in the early stage of disease, the induced remission rate and maintained remission rate were 100% and 67%, respectively, with oral 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and adrenocortical hormone. Among moderate and severe cases identified by the PCDAI, the partial remission rate was 100% with 5-ASA and adrenocortical hormone, but the maintained remission rate was not so good and the recurrence rate of disease was high. Conclusions Pediatric CD has no specific clinical manifestations and laboratory test results. ESR and CRP can be used as the markers for evaluating the disease progression. 5-ASA has certain efficacy in inducing and maintaining remission of pediatric CD. There is a certain correlation between treatment outcome and the PCDAI score in the early stage of disease.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 824-828 [Abstract] ( 4262 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 4641KB] ( 1110 )
829 SU Tang-Feng, XU San-Qing, CHEN Ling
Efficacy of levetiracetam combined with short-term clonazepam in treatment of electrical status epilepticus during sleep in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes
Objective To study the efficacy of levetiracetam (LEV) combined with short-term clonazepam (CZP) in the treatment of electrical status epilepticus during sleep (ESES) in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECCT). Methods Fifteen children (9 boys and 6 girls) diagnosed with BECCT with ESES, who had continuous spike-and-wave accounting for over 85% of the non-rapid eye movement sleep as monitored by 24-hours ambulatory EEG or 3-hours video EEG, were enrolled. The clinical manifestations and EEG characteristics of patients were retrospectively analyzed. These children received two months of CZP treatment in addition to oral LEV [20-40 mg/(kg·d)]. All patients were followed up for 6-18 months. Results The 15 children were orally given LEV in the early stage, but showed no improvement when reexamined by EEG or had seizures during treatment. Then, they received LEV in combination with short-term CZP. Reexaminations at 1 and 6 months after treatment showed that 14 cases had significantly reduced discharge (only little discharge in the Rolandic area) or no discharge, as well as completely controlled seizure; one case had recurrent ESES and two epileptic seizures during follow-up. The recurrent case received the combination therapy again, and reexaminations 1 and 6 months later revealed normal EEG; no seizure occurred in the 8 months of follow-up. Conclusions LEV combined with short-term CZP is effective and has few side effects in treating ESES syndrome among children with BECCT.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 829-833 [Abstract] ( 4922 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 2117KB] ( 1313 )
834 HU Hui-Li, HU Bing, CHEN He-Ying, CHEN Tian-Ming, LI Shao-Ying, CHENG Hua, LIU Gang
Clinical value of cranial MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system candidiasis
Objective To study the clinical value of cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis and treatment of central nervous system candidiasis (CNSC), which has no specific clinical manifestations and has no rapid and specific diagnostic tools. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 10 children who were diagnosed with CNSC in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University between 2009 and 2013. Results Nine of the 10 children underwent cranial MRI within 8 days after admission, and 5 of the 9 children underwent contrast-enhanced MRI at the same time. Eight of the 9 children showed the features of meningoencephalitis, and 6 cases were accompanied by varying degrees of brain atrophy; one case showed hydrocephalus and cerebral abscess, and another case showed leukoencephalopathy. Six cases were found to have the features of cerebral vasculitis after infection in the first MRI after admission, including cerebral infarction (2 cases), venous sinus thrombosis (3 cases), and Moyamoya disease (1 case). Infectious granulomatous lesions were confirmed by contrast-enhanced MRI in 3 cases. Given the clinical manifestations, 8 of the 9 cases were diagnosed as suspected CNSC after MRI, and 7 of these cases received antifungal therapy before the pathogen test results were returned. The lesions on MRI were improved in 6 cases after 3-4 weeks of antifungal treatment. All the 10 children were diagnosed with CNSC by positive cerebrospinal fluid culture results. Conclusions Cranial MRI, especially contrast-enhanced MRI, is of great significance for the diagnosis and treatment of CNSC. To confirm the guidance of MRI in the diagnosis and treatment of CNSC, further case-control studies are needed.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 834-839 [Abstract] ( 4471 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 2111KB] ( 856 )
840 ZHANG Qin, BAI Bao-Ling, LIU Xiao-Zhen, MIAO Chun-Yue, LI Hui-Li
Association of folate metabolism genes MTRR and MTHFR with complex congenital abnormalities among Chinese population in Shanxi Province, China
Objective To explore the association of polymorphisms in folate metabolism genes, methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) gene and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, with complex congenital abnormalities and to further investigate its association with complex congenital abnormalities derived from three germ layers. Methods A total of 250 cases of birth defects (with complex congenital abnormalities including congenital heart disease, neural tube defects, and craniofacial anomalies) in Shanxi Province, China were included in the study. MTRR single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs1801394) and MTHFR SNP (rs1801133) were genotyped by the SNaPshot method, and the genotyping results were compared with those of controls (n=420). Results SNPs rs1801394 and rs1801133 were associated with multiple birth defects. For the recessive model, individuals with GG genotype at rs1801394 and CC genotype at rs1801133 had a relatively low risk of developing birth defects, so the two genotypes were protective factors against birth defects. The homozygous recessive genotype at rs1801133, which served as a protective factor, was associated with ectoderm- or endoderm-derived complex congenital abnormalities, while the homozygous recessive genotype at rs1801394, which served as a protective factor, was associated with ectoderm-, mesoderm- or endoderm-derived complex congenital abnormalities. Conclusions Among the Chinese population in Shanxi Province, the SNPs in folate metabolism genes (MTRR and MTHFR) are associated with complex congenital abnormalities and related to ectoderm, mesoderm or endoderm development.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 840-845 [Abstract] ( 4644 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1120KB] ( 1190 )
846 WEI Yan-Dan, ZENG Hua-Song
Analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms at IL-6-174 and TNF-β NcoI in Chinese Han children in Guangzhou, China
Objective To investigate the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at interleukin 6 (IL-6)-174 and TNF-β NcoI in Chinese Han children in Guangzhou, China and to provide basic information for study on the association between IL-6-174 and TNF-β NcoI polymorphisms and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Methods Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to determine the SNPs at IL-6-174 and TNF-β NcoI in 481 children selected from the Han population in Guangzhou in 2012. Genotype analysis and comparison with other populations were made with reference to relevant literature. Results Chinese Han children in Guangzhou had only GG genotype at IL-6-174, and the SNP at this locus was rare or not seen in the Han population in Guangzhou. At TNF-β NcoI, the frequencies of TNF-β 1*1, TNF-β 1*2, and TNF-β 2*2 genotypes were 24.7%, 49.7%, and 25.6%, respectively. The sample distribution was in accordance with Hardy- Weinberg equilibrium. The TNF-β 1 allele frequency was significantly higher in Guangzhou Han population than in European and American white population (P<0.05). Conclusions TNF-β NcoI SNP is prevalent in the Han population in Guangzhou, and the distribution of alleles is significantly different from that in the white population. The sample from an Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium population can be further used for study on the association between TNF-β NcoI SNP and SIRS in Chinese Han children in Guangzhou. IL-6-174 SNP is rare or not seen in the Han population in Guangzhou, so SNP at this locus cannot be selected for disease association analysis.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 846-850 [Abstract] ( 3950 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1107KB] ( 700 )
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
851 CHEN Zhi-Jiang, SONG Yuan-Bin, WANG Hui-Li, WANG Yang, LV Juan-Juan, CHE Di, ZENG Qi-Yi
Effect of UCP2-siRNA on inflammatory response of cardiomyocytes induced by septic serum
Objective To study the effect of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2)-siRNA on the inflammatory response of rat cardiomyocytes (H9C2) induced by septic serum and to investigate the possible role of UCP2 in the development of septic cardiomyopathy. Methods Serum samples were separately collected from normal rats and septic rats. Cultured rat cardiac cells (H9C2) were randomly divided into blank control, normal serum, 10% septic serum, UCP2-siRNA+10% septic serum and negative siRNA+10% septic serum groups. Stimulation with 10% septic serum was performed for 12 hours in relevant groups. The mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) was measured by RT-PCR. The expression of phosphorylated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-p38 MAPK) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was measured by Western blot. Results The expression levels of p-p38 and NF-κB in the UCP2-siRNA+10% septic serum group were significantly higher than in the 10% septic serum group (P<0.05). The UCP2-siRNA+10% septic serum group had a significantly higher TNF-α mRNA expression than the 10% septic serum group (P<0.01), but IL-1β mRNA expression showed no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusions UCP2 plays a regulatory role in the activation of p38 MAPK and NF-κB and the expression of downstream inflammatory mediators in H9C2 cells stimulated with septic serum.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 851-855 [Abstract] ( 4109 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1028KB] ( 907 )
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
856 SHAN Yu-Xia, CUI Zhen-Ze, HUANG Yan
Clinical analysis of pediatric infectious atelectasis
No abstract available
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 856-859 [Abstract] ( 3573 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 845KB] ( 847 )
860 QI Min, CHEN Xiang, XIE Hong-Fu, et al
Effectiveness of external propranolol gel for treatment of superficial infantile hemangioma
No abstract available
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 860-862 [Abstract] ( 4609 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 3343KB] ( 1197 )
CASE REPORT
863 ZHANG Hong-Yun, WANG Xi
A case report of Phelan-Mcdermid syndrome
No abstract available
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 863-864 [Abstract] ( 3697 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 848KB] ( 941 )
865 YAN Jia-Xiu, ZHANG Yan-Feng, LI Shu-Lei, et al
Corpus callosum damage detected by MRI in a boy with herpes simplex encephalitis
No abstract available
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 865-866 [Abstract] ( 3269 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1267KB] ( 694 )
867 ZHANG Xiu-Min, LI Xiang-Jin, LI Yu-Ning, et al
Cutaneous myiasis in a young child
No abstract available
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 867-868 [Abstract] ( 3304 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 847KB] ( 695 )
REVIEW
869 CHEN Zhao-Long, AN Yun-Fei, ZHAO Xiao-Dong
MonoMAC syndrome
MonoMAC syndrome is a newly discovered immune deficiency syndrome caused by GATA-2 mutation, which is an autosomal dominant genetic disease. MonoMAC syndrome has typical immune cell abnormalities, with severe infection and is prone to develop into a hematological disease. Therapeutics for this disease mainly relies on symptomatic treatment and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. In this paper, the research advances in clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of MonoMAC syndrome are reviewed.
2014 Vol. 16 (8): 869-873 [Abstract] ( 6911 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1099KB] ( 1397 )
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