CJCP
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2016 Vol.  18 No.  2
Published: 2016-02-15
CLINICAL RESEARCH
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
REVIEW
CLINICAL RESEARCH
99 LIU Li-Wei, QIAN Ji-Hong, ZHU Tian-Wen, ZHANG Yong-Hong, ZHU Jian-Xing
A 5-year retrospective clinical study of perinatal cytomegalovirus infection
Objective To investigate the incidence, clinical features, and treatment of perinatal cytomegalovirus(CMV) infection, as well as the factors affecting the therapeutic effect of ganciclovir.Methods The clinical data of 237 infants who were hospitalized and diagnosed with perinatal CMV infection from 2008 to 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The clinical features of infants with perinatal CMV infection and the proportion of such infants in all hospitalized infants showed no significant differences across the five years.In most infants, two or more systems were involved, and CMV hepatitis plus CMV pneumonia was most common(43.1%).The results of pathogen detection showed that the percentage of the infants with positive blood CMV-IgM and blood/urine CMV-DNA was 3.8%, while 90.3% of all infants had positive blood CMV-IgM alone and 5.9% had positive blood/urine CMV-DNA alone.A total of 197 infants were treated with ganciclovir, and the cure rate was 88.3%.An abnormal history of pregnancy(OR=6.191, 95% CI:1.597-24.002) and liver involvement before medication(OR=3.705, 95% CI:1.537-8.931) were the independent risk factors affecting the therapeutic effect of ganciclovir in infants with perinatal CMV infection.Conclusions The epidemiological characteristics of perinatal CMV infection have remained generally stable for the last 5 years.CMV often involves several organs or systems, especially the liver and lung.Ganciclovir has a significant efficacy in the treatment of perinatal CMV infection, and an abnormal history of pregnancy and liver involvement before medication can increase the risk of ganciclovir resistance in infants with perinatal CMV infection.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 99-104 [Abstract] ( 4032 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 928KB] ( 1191 )
105 YANG Yang, PAN Jing-Jing, ZHOU Xiao-Yu, ZHOU Xiao-Guang, SHEN Xian
Diagnostic value of prealbumin for severe necrotizing enterocolitis
Objective To study the clinical features of severe neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC), and to investigate the diagnostic value of prealbumin(PA) in neonates with severe NEC.Methods The clinical data and results of routine blood test and blood biochemical test of 40 neonates with NEC(29 neonates with NEC II and 11 with NEC III) were analyzed.The multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve were applied to investigate the value of PA in the diagnosis of severe NEC.Results The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PA was an important index for the diagnosis of severe NEC(≥IIB).The ROC analysis showed that in the diagnosis of severe NEC(≥IIB), PA had high sensitivity(0.870) and specificity(0.647).Conclusions PA has a good value in the diagnosis of severe NEC.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 105-107 [Abstract] ( 3866 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 996KB] ( 795 )
108 YANG Lei, XU Wei, LI Yong-Wei, YAN Chao-Ying
Value of abdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and evaluation of disease severity
Objective To investigate the value of abdominal ultrasound in diagnosing neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC) and its significance in evaluating the disease severity.Methods The clinical data of 84 neonates who were diagnosed with NEC between July 2013 and January 2015 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the modified Bell-NEC staging criteria, these neonates were divided into a suspected NEC group(n=44) and a confirmed NEC group(n=40);according to clinical prognosis, they were divided into a medical treatment and full recovery group(n=58) and a surgery/death group(n=26).The changes in the results of abdominal ultrasound and abdominal X-ray plain film were compared between groups.Results In the confirmed NEC group, abdominal ultrasound showed significantly higher detection rates of portal venous gas and dilatation of the intestine than abdominal X-ray plain film(P<0.05).Compared with the medical treatment and full recovery group, the surgery/death group had significantly higher detection rates of dilatation of intestine, bowel wall thickening, peritoneal effusion and free intraperitoneal air(P<0.05).Dilatation of the intestine and free intraperitoneal air shown by abdominal X-ray plain film were more common in the surgery/death group.Conclusions Abdominal ultrasound is useful for the diagnosis of NEC.Ultrasonic findings can contribute to the prediction of the severity of NEC.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 108-112 [Abstract] ( 4131 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 920KB] ( 1150 )
113 PENG Shao, DU Tian-Hua, ZHANG Man
Changes in gut microbiota and serum D-lactate level and correlation analysis in children with recurrent pneumonia
Objective To study the changes in gut microbiota and serum D-lactate level and their significance in children with recurrent pneumonia.Methods The stool and blood samples were collected from 30 children with recurrent pneumonia(recurrent group), 30 children with acute pneumonia(acute group), and 15 children receiving surgical operation(surgery group).The 16S rRNA fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR) was applied to determine the numbers of Bifidobacterium and Escherichia coli in stool samples, and the ratio between the logarithmic values of the numbers of Bifidobacterium and Escherichia coli(B/E value) was calculated.The serum D-lactate level was measured, and correlation analysis was performed.Results The recurrent group had a significantly lower number of Bifidobacterium and a significantly lower B/E value than the acute group and the surgery group(P<0.05), as well as a significantly higher number of Escherichia coli than the surgery group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the number of Escherichia coli between the recurrent group and the acute group.The recurrent group had a significantly higher serum D-lactate level than the acute group and the surgery group(P<0.05).In the recurrent group, B/E value was negatively correlated with serum D-lactate level(r=-0.539, P<0.05).Conclusions Children with recurrent pneumonia may have biological and mechanical barrier damage in the intestinal mucosa.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 113-116 [Abstract] ( 4649 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1005KB] ( 1498 )
117 ZHONG Pei-Pei, ZHANG Hai-Lin, CHEN Xiao-Fang, LIANG Ya-Feng, LIN Li, YANG Shao-Yan, SHENG Jiang-Yin, LI Chang-Chong
Lower respiratory tract infection caused by influenza virus A and influenza virus B in Wenzhou, China: a clinical analysis of 366 children
Objective To compare the epidemiological and clinical features of lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI) caused by influenza virus A(IVA) and influenza virus B(IVB) in children.Methods The clinical data of 366 children with LRTI caused by influenza virus(IV), who were hospitalized in Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between 2010 and 2014, were analyzed retrospectively, and there were 272 cases caused by IVA and 94 cases caused by IVB.Results IV was mainly prevalent from December to March of the next year, with the predominance of IVA.There were small peaks of IVA prevalence in July or September every other year, and IVB was prevalent from December to March of the next year every other year.The children with LRTI caused by IVA alone had a significantly higher white blood cell(WBC) count and significantly higher percentages of children with increased WBC, abnormal serum sodium, and abnormal serum potassium than those caused by IVB alone(P<0.05).However, there were no significant differences in age, sex, underlying diseases, clinical manifestations, and co-infection rate with bacteria or atypical pathogens between the two groups(P>0.05).The rate of co-infection with respiratory syncytial virus(RSV) was significantly higher in the IVB group than in the IVA group(P<0.01).Conclusions IVA is prevalent in winter and spring every year and has small peaks in summer every other year, while IVB is prevalent in winter and spring every other year.Compared with IVB, IVA causes more cases of increased WBC and electrolyte disturbance.The children infected with IVB are more likely to be co-infected with RSV.The children with LRTI caused by IVA and IVB have similar clinical manifestations.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 117-122 [Abstract] ( 4297 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1190KB] ( 862 )
123 ZHU Deng-Na, WANG Ming-Mei, WANG Jun, ZHANG Wei, LI He-Zhou, YANG Po, XIONG Hua-Chun, NIU Guo-Hui, LI San-Song, ZHAO Yun-Xia
Effect of botulinum toxin A injection in the treatment of gastrocnemius spasticity in children aged 9-36 months with cerebral palsy: a prospective study
Objective To investigate the long-term clinical efficacy and adverse effects of botulinum toxin-A(BTX-A) injection in the treatment of gastrocnemius spasticity in children aged 9-36 months with cerebral palsy.Methods Eighty children aged 9-36 months with cerebral palsy and gastrocnemius spasticity were selected and randomly divided into a BTX-A injection group and a conventional treatment group(n=40 each).The children in the BTX-A injection group received injections of BTX-A guided by color Doppler ultrasound and 4 courses of rehabilitation training after injection.Those in the conventional treatment group received 4 courses of the same rehabilitation training alone.Before treatment and at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months after treatment, the modified Tardieu scale(MTS) was applied to assess the degree of gastrocnemius spasticity, the values in the passive state measured by surface electromyography(sEMG) were applied to evaluate muscle tension, and the Gross Motor Function Measure(GMFM) was used to evaluate gross motor function.Results Compared with the conventional treatment group, the BTX-A injection group had significantly greater reductions in MTS score and the values in the passive state measured by sEMG(P<0.05), as well as significantly greater increases in joint angles R1 and R2 in MTS and gross motor score in GMFM(P<0.05).No serious adverse reactions related to BTX-A injection were found.Conclusions BTX-A injection is effective and safe in the treatment of gastrocnemius spasticity in children aged 9-36 months with cerebral palsy.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 123-129 [Abstract] ( 4619 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 933KB] ( 1146 )
130 LI Zhi-Hui, LIN Zhi, DUAN Cui-Rong, WU Tian-Hui, XUN Mai, ZHANG Yi, ZHANG Liang, DING Yun-Feng, YIN Yan
Comparison of therapeutic effects of prednisone combined with mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporin A in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
Objective To compare the therapeutic effects of prednisone combined with mycophenolate mofetil(MMF) versus cyclosporin A(CsA) in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome(SRNS).Methods The clinical data of 164 SRNS children who were treated with prednisone combined with MMF or CsA between January 2004 and December 2013 were collected, and the clinical effect of prednisone combined with MMF(MMF group, 112 children) or CsA(CsA group, 52 children) was analyzed retrospectively.Results At 1 month after treatment, the CsA group had a significantly higher remission rate than the MMF group(67.3% vs 42.9%;P<0.05).At 3 months after treatment, the CsA group also had a significantly higher remission rate than the MMF group(78.8% vs 63.3%;P<0.05).The 24-hour urinary protein excretion in both groups changed significantly with time(P<0.05) and differed significantly between the two groups(P<0.05).There were no serious adverse events in the two groups.Conclusions Prednisone combined with MMF or CsA is effective and safe for the treatment of SRNS in children, and within 3 months of treatment, CsA has a better effect than MMF.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 130-135 [Abstract] ( 4356 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 924KB] ( 920 )
136 LI Bing-Lu, AN Jin-Dou, FENG Song, GE Wei
Change in serum follistatin-like protein 1 and its clinical significance in children with chronic heart failure
Objective To investigate the change in the serum level of follistatin-like protein 1(FSTL1) in children with chronic heart failure and its correlation with left ventricular remodeling.Methods A total of 45 children with chronic heart failure(CHF) between May 2014 and May 2015 were selected as the CHF group, among whom 21 had endocardial fibroelastosis(EFE) and 24 had dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM);another 30 healthy children were selected as the control group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to measure the serum level of FSTL1.Radioimmunoassay was applied to measure N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, and echocardiography was applied to measure the indicators of left ventricular remodeling.The correlation between the serum level of FSTL1 and left ventricular remodeling was analyzed by Pearson correlation and Spearman's rank correlation analysis.Results Before treatment, the CHF group had a significantly higher serum level of FSTL1 than the control group(P<0.05), which gradually increased with aggravation of CHF(P<0.05).The serum level of FSTL1 showed no significant difference between the EFE and DCM groups(P=0.176).Serum level of FSTL1 was positively correlated with left ventricular enddiastolic diameter(r=0.485, P=0.001), left ventricular mass(r=0.322, P=0.031), left ventricular mass index(r=0.353, P=0.017), and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide(r=0.562 P<0.001), and was negatively correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction(r=-0.436, P=0.003) and left ventricular minor axis decurtation rate(r=-0.436, P=0.003).Conclusions FSTL1 might take part in the left ventricular remodeling in children with CHF, and the serum level of FSTL1 can be used as an objective index for clinical diagnosis and severity assessment of CHF in children.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 136-140 [Abstract] ( 4100 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1259KB] ( 811 )
141 LI Jing, LUO Yan-Fei, Mireguli MAIMAITI
Genotypes and phenotypes in Uygur children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency in Xinjiang, China
Objective To investigate gene mutations and the relationship between genotypes and clinical phenotypes in Uygur children with 21-hydroxylase deficiency(21-OHD) in Xinjiang, China.Methods A total of 20 Uygur children with 21-OHD who visited the hospital between October 2013 and October 2014 were enrolled.Fulllength direct sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification(MLPA) were used to detect the mutations of CYP21A2 gene, which encoded 21-hydroxylase.According to the type of mutation, the patients with 21-OHD were divided into different groups to analyze the consistency between predicted clinical phenotypes and actual clinical phenotypes.Results A total of 9 mutation types were found in the 20 patients, and 8 of them were identified as pathogenic mutations, i.e., Del, conv, I2g, I172N, Cluster E6, 8-bp del, V281L, and R356W.The other mutation is the new mutation occurring in intron 5(c.648+37A>G), which had not been reported, and its pathological significance remains unknown.Most clinical phenotypes predicted by mutation types had a higher coincidence rate with actual clinical phenotypes(above 67%), and the clinical phenotypes predicted by P30L and V281L had a lower coincidence rate with actual clinical phenotypes(below 33%).Conclusions The genotype of 21-OHD has a good correlation with phenotype, and the clinical phenotype can be predicted by detecting the patient's genotype.The new mutation(c.648+37A>G) may be related to the pathogenesis of 21-OHD.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 141-146 [Abstract] ( 3954 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 926KB] ( 658 )
147 SUN Yong-Xiang, HE Ya-Fei, LI Xia-Lian
Clinical analysis and autoimmune regulator gene mutation of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type I in a family: a report of one case
The clinical data of one patient with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type I were collected.PCR-DNA direct bidirectional sequencing was applied for mutation screening of 14 exons in autoimmune regulator(AIRE) gene in the patient and her parents.A total of 50 unrelated healthy controls were selected and tested.The bioinformatic methods were used to predict the possible impact of the mutations on the structure and function of the AIRE protein.The results of sequencing showed that heterozygous mutation c.622G>T(p.G208W) in exon 5 of the AIRE gene was detected in the patient and was a novel mutation, which had not been reported in the HGMD database and latest articles.This mutation was not detected in the 50 unrelated normal controls.The novel mutation of c.622G>T(p.G208W) in AIRE gene might play an important role in the pathogenesis of this case of autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type I.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 147-151 [Abstract] ( 3653 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 2681KB] ( 782 )
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2016 Vol. 18 (2): 129-129 [Abstract] ( 1263 ) [HTML KB] [PDF 714KB] ( 307 )
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2016 Vol. 18 (2): 171-171 [Abstract] ( 1158 ) [HTML KB] [PDF 713KB] ( 423 )
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2016 Vol. 18 (2): 334-334 [Abstract] ( 1222 ) [HTML KB] [PDF 783KB] ( 295 )
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
152 LIU Kun-Zhen, WANG Le, LI Ming-Xia
Effect of heat shock protein 70 on pulmonary vascular remodeling in neonatal rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension Hot!

Objective To investigate the effect of heat shock protein 70(HSP70) on pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling in neonatal rats with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH).Methods A total of 128 Wistar neonatal rats were randomly divided into HPH model and blank control groups.According to the transfection solution, the HPH model group was further divided into normal saline group, empty virus group(viral vectors marked with a green fluorescent signal and not carrying the target gene), and virus+HSP70 group(viral vectors marked with a green fluorescent signal and carrying the target gene).The HPH model was established by inhalation of nitrogen-oxygen mixture(1.5 L/minutes and 8% oxygen).Pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP) and the indicators of pulmonary vascular remodeling(MT% and MA%) were measured on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 of hypoxia.Results On days 3, 7, and 10 of hypoxia, the normal saline and empty virus groups had significantly enhanced expression of HSP70 compared with the blank control group(P<0.01), and the virus+HSP70 group had significantly higher expression of HSP70 than the blank control, normal saline, and empty virus groups(P<0.01).On day 14 of hypoxia, the expression of HSP70 showed no significant difference between these groups(P>0.05).On days 3, 7, and 10 of hypoxia, the normal saline and empty virus groups showed continuous increases in mPAP compared with the blank control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in mPAP between the virus+HSP70 and blank control groups(P>0.05).On day 14 of hypoxia, there was no significant difference in mPAP among three subgroups of the HPH model group(P>0.05), but the mPAP in the three subgroups was significantly higher than in the blank control group(P<0.05).After 7 days of hypoxia, the normal saline and empty virus groups showed significantly higher MT% and MA% than the blank control group(P<0.05), but the two indicators showed no significant differences between the virus+HSP70 and the blank control groups(P>0.05).On day 14 of hypoxia, there were no significant differences in MT% and MA% among three subgroups of the HPH model group(P>0.05), but the MT% and MA% in the three subgroups were higher than in the blank control group(P<0.05).Conclusions HSP70 may reduce pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling in neonatal rats with HPH.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 152-158 [Abstract] ( 4238 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 13620KB] ( 774 )
159 HUANG Jin-Da, CHEN Sheng-Li, LYU Juan-Juan, LIU Cui, ZENG Qi-Yi
Correlation between uncoupling protein 2 expression and myocardial mitochondrial injury in rats with sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide
Objective To investigate the correlation between uncoupling protein 2(UCP2) expression and myocardial mitochondria injury in rats with sepsis induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods The rat model of sepsis was established through an intraperitoneal injection of LPS.Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly and equally divided into control group(an intraperitoneal injection of normal saline), sepsis 6 h group(LPS-6 h group), sepsis 12 h group(LPS-12 h group), sepsis 24 h group(LPS-24 h group), and sepsis 48 h group(LPS-48 h group).The serum and heart tissues were harvested at corresponding time points and myocardial mitochondria was extracted.The microplate reader was applied to measure creatine kinase(CK), creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB), and reactive oxygen species(ROS).Flow cytometry was applied to measure the degree of mitochondrial swelling and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP).Western blot was used to measure the expression level of UCP2.Electron microscopy was applied to observe the morphological changes in heart tissues and myocardial mitochondria.Results Compared with the control group, the LPS groups had significantly increased serum levels of CK, CK-MB, and myocardial ROS, as well as a significantly increased degree of mitochondrial swelling(P<0.05), and these values reached their peaks at 24 hours after LPS injection.The LPS groups had a significant decrease in MMP(P<0.05), which reached the lowest level at 24 hours after LPS injection.Western blot showed that the LPS groups had a significant increase in the expression level of myocardial UCP2 compared with the control group(P<0.05), which reached its peak at 24 hours after LPS injection.The results of electron microscopy showed mitochondrial swelling, partial rupture of the mitochondrial membrane, and cavity formation in rats in the LPS groups.The most severe lesions occurred in the LPS-24 h group.In rats with LPS, the ROS level in the myocardial mitochondria and the degree of mitochondrial swelling were positively correlated with the expression level of UCP2(r=0.796 and 0.893, respectively;P<0.05), while MMP was negatively correlated with the expression level of UCP2(r=-0.903, P<0.05).Conclusions In the rat model of sepsis, the myocardium and myocardial mitochondria have obvious injuries, and the expression level of UCP2 is closely correlated with mitochondrial injury.Therefore, UCP2 might play an important role in myocardial mitochondrial injury in sepsis.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 159-164 [Abstract] ( 3686 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1887KB] ( 829 )
165 XIONG Xiao-Li, YAN Su-Qi, QIN Huan, ZHOU Li-Shan, ZHANG Ling-Ling, JIANG Zhi-Xia, Ding Yan
Protective effect of emodin pretreatment in young rats with intrahepatic cholestasis
Objective To investigate the protective effect of emodin in young rats with intrahepatic cholestasis.Methods A total of 120 young Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, model, and high-, medium-, and low-dose emodin groups, with 24 rats in each group.The rats in the control and model groups were given sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution by gavage, while the other groups were given different doses of emodin solution by gavage.On the 5th day of experiment, alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate(ANIT, 50 mg/kg) was applied by gavage to establish the model of intrahepatic cholestasis in all groups except the control group.At 24, 48, and 72 hours after gavage, 8 rats in each group were sacrificed.Colorimetry was used to measure the serum levels of total bilirubin(TBIL), direct bilirubin(DBIL), total bile acid(TBA), alkaline phosphatase(ALP), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase(GGT), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in each group, and hematoxylin-eosin staining was applied to observe the morphological changes of the liver under a light microscope at different time points.Results Compared with the control group, the model group had significantly increased serum levels of TBIL, DBIL, TBA, ALP, GGT, ALT, and AST at the 24-hour, 48-hour, and 72-hour time points(P<0.01).In the model group, the serum levels of TBIL, DBIL, TBA, ALT, and AST showed varying degrees of increase at 48 hours after establishment of model, compared with the values at 24 and 72 hours(P<0.05).At 24, 48, and 72 hours, the high-, medium-, and low-dose emodin groups had varying degrees of reductions in the serum levels of TBIL and TBA compared with the model group(P<0.05);the high-and low-dose emodin groups had significantly increased serum levels of TBA compared with the medium-dose emodin group(P<0.05).The model group had the most severe pathological changes at 48 hours.Compared with the model group, the high-, medium-, and low-dose emodin groups showed certain improvement in pathological changes of the liver at each time point, and the medium-dose emodin group had better improvement compared with the high-and low-dose emodin groups.Conclusions Emodin can effectively improve ANIT-induced intrahepatic cholestasis in young rats, and medium-dose emodin shows the best effect.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 165-171 [Abstract] ( 3160 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 7416KB] ( 674 )
172 ZHANG Min, NONG Guang-Min, JIANG Min, ZHAN Wen-Jie
Expression and role of Tc17 cells in mice with neutrophilic asthma
Objective To determine the proportion of Tc17 cells in the lungs of mice with neutrophilic(NEU) asthma, and to investigate the role of Tc17 cells in the pathogenesis of NEU asthma.Methods Thirty-two C57/B6 mice of clean grade were randomly divided into two groups:NEU asthma and control.The mice in the NEU asthma group were sensitized by airway instillation of ovalbumin(OVA) and lipopolysaccharide(LPS), and challenged with an aerosol of OVA, while those in the control group were sensitized and challenged with normal saline.At 24 hours after the final challenge, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) was collected, and the total number and differential counts of nucleated cells and percentage of each type were determined.The lung tissues were separated and hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe the pathological changes of lungs;flow cytometry was applied to determine the percentages of Tc17 and Th17 cells in the lung tissues.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to determine the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6), transforming growth factor β(TGF-β), and interleukin-17(IL-17) in BALF.Results The NEU asthma group had a significantly higher total number of nucleated cells, a significantly higher percentage of eosinophils, and a significantly higher percentage of neutrophils in BALF than the control group(P<0.01).The NEU asthma group also had significantly higher percentages of Tc17 and Th17 cells than the control group(P<0.01).In the NEU asthma group, the percentage of Tc17 cells was positively correlated with that of Th17 cells(P<0.05).The NEU asthma group had significantly higher concentrations of IL-6, TGF-β, and IL-17 in BALF than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions The expression of Tc17 cells in the lung tissues increases in mice with NEU asthma, and the increased number of Tc17 cells may be involved in the pathogenesis of NEU asthma.Tc17 cells may play an important role in NEU asthma through IL-17.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 172-176 [Abstract] ( 3717 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1968KB] ( 773 )
REVIEW
177 TAO En-Fu, YUAN Tian-Ming
Vitamin A level and diseases of premature infants
Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin, and it is not only necessary for the normal growth and development of epithelial cells, but also plays a very important role in the normal growth and development of the retina, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, brain, and immune system.Studies have confirmed that the low level of vitamin A in premature infants at birth can last through the entire infancy.Recently, there have been particular concerns about the level of vitamin A and development of diseases in premature infants, with major focuses on the related mechanisms of action of vitamin A in respiratory distress syndrome, chronic lung disease, retinopathy of prematurity, necrotizing enterocolitis, patent ductus arteriosus, and infections in premature infants, which still awaits further investigation.This paper summarizes and analyzes the current status of research on vitamin A level and diseases of premature infants at home and abroad.In addition, although enough evidence suggests that vitamin A supplementation is beneficial to preterm infants, evidence is still lacking for recommended methods for supplementation and dose of vitamin A, and further studies are needed.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 177-182 [Abstract] ( 4627 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1202KB] ( 1073 )
183 SHAN Ling, HU Xiao-Lan, WANG Bing, JIA Fei-Yong
Research advances in the role of vitamin D in autism spectrum disorders
The etiology and pathogenic mechanism of autism spectrum disorders(ASD) are still unclear.The relationship between vitamin D and ASD has drawn attention in recent years due to common vitamin D deficiency in children with ASD.This article reviews the peripheral blood levels of vitamin D in children with ASD, the possible reasons for hypovitamin D and its possible roles in the etiology of ASD and the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in ASD.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 183-188 [Abstract] ( 4458 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 953KB] ( 1329 )
189 XIA Li-Ping, JIANG Yi
Effect of probiotics in prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children
The increasing incidence rate of allergic diseases has attracted global attention, and these diseases greatly threaten children's health.The common pathogenesis of allergic diseases is the specific IgE-or cell-mediated immune response to common inhalant or food allergens.Epidemiological investigation, analysis of fecal flora, and clinical studies all suggest that the development and progression of allergic diseases are closely related to the early disturbance of intestinal flora.Probiotics can regulate intestinal immune response, increase the barrier function of epithelial cells, inhibit the adhesion and colonization of pathogenic bacteria, and thus restore or reconstruct normal intestinal flora.With the increasing understanding of allergic diseases, the effect of probiotics in the prevention and treatment of such diseases will be taken more and more seriously.
2016 Vol. 18 (2): 189-194 [Abstract] ( 5178 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 920KB] ( 1200 )
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