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2010 Vol.  12 No.  03
Published: 2010-03-15
CLINICAL RESEARCH
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
CASE REPORT
REVIEW
CLINICAL RESEARCH
161 GUAN Yu-Ming, GUI Yong-Hao, LUO Fei-Hong, SHEN Shui-Xian, YANG Yi
Lipoprotein lipase gene mutations and the risk of cardiovascular diseases in children with obesity
OBJECTIVE: To inquire into the relationship between lipoprotein lipase (LPL) gene D9N, N291S and S447X polymorphisms and the development of cardiovascular diseases in children with obesity. METHODS: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RLFP) techniques were used to detect three common mutations of LPL gene exon D9N, N291S and S447X in 157 obese children and 175 normal controls. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels between children with different genotypes were compared. RESULTS: The D9N and N291S gene mutations were not detected in either the obese or the control groups. There were no significant differences in the frequency of S447X gene mutation between the two groups. There were no significant differences in the levels of plasma lipid and lipoprotein between children with S447 and X447 genotypes. CONCLUSIONS: D9N and N291S gene mutations may not be risk factors associated with cardiovascular diseases in children with obesity. S447X gene mutation might not play an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases in childhood.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):161-164］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 161-164 [Abstract] ( 6162 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1057KB] ( 1630 )
165 WANG Shu-Shui, ZHANG Zhi-Wei, XU Yan-Mei, JIANG Qiu-Ping, LI Hong, QIAN Ming-Yang, LI Yu-Fen
Diagnosis and treatment of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy in children
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the experience in diagnosis and treatment of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) in children. METHODS: A total of 14 children (7 females and 7 males) with ARVC were involved. The cases underwent electrocardiography, echocardiography, cardiac CT or MRI examinations. All cases were treated with sotalol or amiodarone in combination with propranolol. In 2 cases with drug-refractory ventricular extrasystoles, catheter ablation treatment was performed. In 6 cases with obvious impaired ventricular function, additional pharmacological therapy including vasodilators, diuretics, and digitalis were given. RESULTS: Ventricular extrasystoles occurred in all 14 cases and ventricular tachycardia in 8 cases. Ten cases showed Epsilon wave on electrocardiography. All 14 cases had enlarged right ventricle and reduced right ventricular ejection fraction. CT or MRI examination showed right ventricular dilatation and a thinned wall of right ventricle in 10 cases. Ventricular extrasystoles or tachycardia disappeared in 7 cases and was reduced in 4 cases after treament. The two children receiving catheter ablation treatment did not present ventricular extrasystoles or tachycardia in a 3-month follow-up. The heart function was improved in the 6 children with obvious impaired ventricular function after pharmacological therapy. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical manifestations are diverse in children with ARVC. A definite diagnosis of ARVC should be based on a combination of electrocardiography and echocardiography examinations. Pharmacological therapy is effective partially. Catheter ablation treatment appears to be a promising option in patients with drug-refractory ventricular extrasystoles.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):165-168］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 165-168 [Abstract] ( 5734 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1232KB] ( 1777 )
169 SUN Yu-Ping, WANG Wen-Di, ZHENG Xin-Chang, WANG Jin-Ju, MA Shao-Chun, XU Ying-Jun
Levels of serum brain natriuretic peptide and the correlation to heart function in children with Kawasaki disease
OBJECTIVE: To study serum levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in children with Kawasaki disease (KD) and the correlation between BNP levels and the heart function. METHODS: Forty-three children with KD and thirty healthy children were enrolled. Serum levels of BNP were measured using ELISA. KD children received an echocardiographic examination, including measurements of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular shorten fraction (LVSF), cardiac index (CI) and left ventricular inflow velocity through the mitral annulus. RESULTS: Mean serum level of BNP at the acute stage in children with KD was significantly higher than that at the recovery stage as well as the control group (P<0.01). The LVEF, LVSF and CI levels at the acute stage were significantly lower than those at the recovery stage in children with KD (P<0.05). The linear regression analysis showed that the BNP level was negatively correlated with the levels of LVEF, LVSF and CI (r=-0.63, -0.52, -0.53, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The serum BNP levels increase significantly in KD children at the acute stage, and are negatively correlated with the levels of LVEF, LVSF and CI. Measurement of serum BNP level is useful for the early diagnosis of KD.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):169-171］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 169-171 [Abstract] ( 6217 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 947KB] ( 1429 )
172 ZUO Ying-Xi, ZHANG Le-Ping, LU Ai-Dong, WANG Bin, LIU Gui-Lan
Clinical characteristics of children with B cell type acute lymphoblastic leukemia carrying different fusion gene
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether there were differences in the clinical characteristics, cytogenetic characteristics, immunophenotype and prognosis in children with B cell type acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) carrying different fusion genes. METHODS: The research included 80 children with B-ALL from Peking University People’s Hospital between March 2006 and December 2008. Eighteen children were positive for TEL/AML1, 14 for E2A/PBX1, 11 for BCR/ABL,and 2 cases for MLL/AF4, and 35 cases were negative for all of the 4 fusion genes. Data including clinical characteristics, morphology, immunophenotype and cytogenetic characteristics were collected, and the disease-free survival (DFS) was evaluated. The children were followed up until April 2009. RESULTS: In the 18 children with TEL/AML1+B-ALL, 66.7% were younger than 5 years old. They had low tumor load. FAB-L2 morphology was commonly observed, but t(12;21) was often absence in these children. Up to now，17 children who survived were disease-free. In the 14 children with E2A/PBX1+B-ALL, the majority were female. Thirteen children showed FAB-L1 morphology. Twelve children showed pre-B-ALL immunophenotype. The EFS was close to 80%. In the 11 children with BCR/ABL+B-ALL, 10 children showed common B type immunophenotype. FAB-L1 and FAB-L2 morphology was found in 4 children respectively. The DFS was less than 20%. Two children with MLL/AF4 positive B-ALL had high tumor load. Their morphologic diagnosis was FAB-L1. Both showed the Pro-B-ALL immunophenotype. One child discontinued treatment at the early stage of chemotherapy, and the other child survived disease-free until now. CONCLUSIONS: The B-ALL children with different fusion genes have different clinical characteristics, immunophenotypes and prognosis.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):172-176］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 172-176 [Abstract] ( 6779 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1000KB] ( 1757 )
177 WEN Chuan, MA Fu-Tian, WAN Wu-Qing
Expression of CREB/Bcl-2 in bone marrow mononuclear cells of children with acute leukemia
ObjectiveTo study the expression and role of cyclic-AMP response binding protein (CREB) and Bcl-2 in children with acute leukemia. METHODS: Ninety-two children with acute leukemia (leukemia group) and 30 children with non-hematologic malignancies (control group) were enrolled. The mRNA and protein expression of CREB and Bcl-2 in bone marrow mononuclear cells were measured by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. RESULTS: The mRNA and protein expression of CREB and Bcl-2 in the leukemia group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the expression of CREB and Bcl-2 between acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia subgroups. At the initial diagnosis, the mRNA and protein expression of CREB and Bcl-2 in children with extramedullary infiltration was higher than that in children without (P<0.05). In the leukemia group, the mRNA and protein expression of CREB and Bcl-2 in the complete remission subgroup was significantly lower than that in the non-complete remission subgroup (P<0.01). High mRNA expression of CREB and Bcl-2 in the leukemia group was positively correlated with peripheral blood leucocyte counts (r=0.62, 0.71 respectively, P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between mRNA and protein expression of CREB and Bcl-2 (r=0.75, 0.68 respectively; P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The expression of CREB and Bcl-2 may be correlated with the pathogenesis and clinical prognosis of childhood leukemia, however, their expression may not be associated with the classification of acute leukemia.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):177-180］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 177-180 [Abstract] ( 5840 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1024KB] ( 1399 )
181 ZOU Li-Ping, ZHANG Song-Lin
Detection of ICAM-1 and RANTES in infants with bronchiolitis
OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) in bronchiolitis and their correlation in the pathogenesis of this disorder. METHODS: The expression of ICAM-1 was detected by flow cytometry on lymphocytes of peripheral blood in 28 infants with bronchiolitis, 23 infants with bronchopneumonia and 24 healthy infants. Serum level of RANTES was assayed using ELISA. The correlation between ICAM-1 and RANTES levels was evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: The ICAM-1 level in the bronchiolitis group (35.0±10.3%) was much higher than that in the bronchopneumonia (29.9±8.6%; P<0.05) and the control groups (24.6±6.9%; P<0.01). The bronchopneumonia group had higher ICAM-1 level than the control group (P<0.05). The RANTES level in the bronchiolitis (32.1±6.0 ng/mL) and the bronchopneumonia groups (30.6±6.2 ng/mL) was significantly higher than that in the control group (27.1±5.1 ng/mL) (P<0.01, P<0.05, respectively), however, no significant difference was found between the bronchopneumonia and bronchiolitis groups. There was a positive correlation between ICAM-1 and RANTES levels in the bronchiolitis group (r=0.675, P＜0.01). CONCLUSIONS: ICAM-1 and RANTES are involved in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis and show a synergistic effect.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):181-183］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 181-183 [Abstract] ( 4678 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 947KB] ( 1303 )
184 WANG Ying-Jian, LIU Jie, FANG Fang, HE Li-Yun, LI Ji-Mei, ZHANG Qian, FU Yan, XIAO Yu-Qing
Microbiological etiology in children with community acquired pneumonia
OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of pathogenic microorganisms of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. METHODS: Respiratory secretion and blood specimens were collected in 1 167 children with CAP within 4 hrs of admission. Mycoplasma pneumonia and Chlamydia trachomatis were detected by RT-PCR in respiratory secretion specimens. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV-IgM) and Adenovirus (ADV-IgM) were tested using ELISA in blood samples. RESULTS: A total of 308 strains of bacteria were isolated from the respiratory tract secretions, with gram positive strains of 53.6% and gram negative strains of 46.4%. The top five bacteria strains detected were Streptococcus pneumoniae (35.1%), Escherichia coli (11.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.8%), Klebsiella pneumonia (6.5%) and Moraxelle catarrhalis (5.8%) in turn. Beta-lactamase and ESBLs producing strains accounted for 30.1% in the top five bacteria strains. The non-bacteria pathogens were found in 281 specimens (24.1%). Respiratory syncytial virus accounted for the most prevalent pathogen (19.3%). The mixed infection of respiratory syncytial virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae was common (35.2%). The infection rate from most of pathogenic microorganisms among children under the age of one was higher than that in children over one year old. CONCLUSIONS: Respiratory syncytial virus and Streptococcus pneumoniae are the major pathogens of CAP in children. The risk of pathogenic microorganism infections in children under the age of one is higher than that of children over one year old.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):184-187］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 184-187 [Abstract] ( 6786 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 957KB] ( 2206 )
188 ZHU Chun-Hua, HUANG Song-Ming, WU Hong-Mei, BAO Hua-Ying, CHEN Ying, HAN Yuan, ZHAO Fei, ZHANG Ai-Hua, ZHANG Wei-Zhen
Clinical and pathological features of Alport syndrome in children
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical and pathological features of Alport syndrome in children. METHODS: The clinical and histopathological data of 10 hospitalized children with Alport syndrome from February 2007 to February 2009 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: There were 7 males and 3 females, with the age ranging from 2 years to 6 years and 7 months (mean 3 years and 2 months). Five of 10 cases had positive family history. X-linked dominant inheritance Alport syndrome was diagnosed in 8 cases, and autosomal recessive inheritance Alport syndrome in 2 cases. Recurrent gross hematuria was found in 5 cases, hematuria and proteinuria in 3 cases, massive proteinuria in 1 case, and nephritic syndrome in 1 case. Under the light microscope, 8 cases presented with mesangial proliferation glomerulonephritis, and 2 cases with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Immunofluorescence assay showed that all cases had IgM deposition in glomerulus. Only 1 case showed typical glomerular basement membrane (GBM) pathological changes. All cases showed abnormal α-chain distribution in renal collagen IV. CONCLUSIONS: The children with Alport syndrome have diverse clinical manifestations. Characteristic histopathological presentations could not be found under a light microscope, mesangial proliferation glomerulonephritis is the dominant pathological change, and IgM deposition in glomerulus is common. The GBM pathological change in children is not common. Immunofluorescence assay of α-chain in collagen IV is needed for the diagnosis of Alport syndrome.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):188-191］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 188-191 [Abstract] ( 6400 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 964KB] ( 1918 )
192 REN Ya-Fang, WANG Li-Li
Effects of probiotics on intestinal bacterial colonization in premature infants
OBJECTIVE: To study the possible roles of probiotics in decreasing intestinal bacterial colonization rate and the incidence of enterogenic infections in premature infants. METHODS: Seventy premature infants were randomly assigned to two groups: probiotics and conventional treatment groups (control) (n=35 each). The probiotics treatment group was administered with oral Clostridium butyricum powder (250 mg, twice daily up to discharge) 24 hrs after birth except conventional treatment. Rectal swab cultures were done at admission, 5 and 12 days after admission, and before discharge. Clinical and laboratory findings were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The intestinal bacterial colonization rate in the probiotics treatment group was lower than that in the control group 12 days after admission (60% vs 83%; P<0.05) and before discharge (51% vs 80%; P<0.05). Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium were common colonization bacteria in the two groups. Diarrhea occurred in 7 cases (20%) in the probiotics treatment group compared with 16 cases (46%) in the control group (P<0.05). Two infants (6%) developed sepsis in the probiotics treatment group compared with 9 cases (26%) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Probiotics can decrease intestinal bacterial colonization rate and the incidence of diarrhea and sepsis in premature infants.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):192-194］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 192-194 [Abstract] ( 6155 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1006KB] ( 1973 )
195 LIN Xin-Zhu, OU Yang-Chang-An, LAI Ji-Dong, LI Ya-Dan, ZHENG Zhi
Application of endotracheal lavage in neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia
OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy of endotracheal lavage in neonatal ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). METHODS: Fifty-eight neonates with VAP between January 2002 and December 2008 were randomly assigned to two groups: lavage and control (n=29 each). After withdrawal from ventilator, both groups received sensitive antibiotics therapy according to sputum culture results as well as supportive treatment. The lavage group was additionally treated with endotracheal lavage (2-3 times daily). The therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the average time of mechanical ventilation between the lavage and the control groups. The effective rate in the lavage group (93%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (69%; P<0.05). Three percent of patients in the lavage group required twice or more mechanical ventilation compared with 24% in the control group (P<0.05). Blood gas analysis results were obviously improved in the lavage group 2 hrs after treatment (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Endotracheal lavage can decrease the number in mechanical ventilation and improve therapeutic effects in neonates with VAP.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):195-197］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 195-197 [Abstract] ( 5300 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 946KB] ( 1482 )
198 TANG Fang-Zheng, LIU Ya-Lan, WEN Fei-Qiu, ZHANG Zhao-Xia
Comparison of therapeutic effects in severe nocturia: gradual versus immediate drug withdrawal
OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible differences in the prognosis in children with severe nocturia who received different drug withdrawal schedules. METHODS: Ninety-seven children with severe nocturia were randomly assigned to two groups: control (n=47) and observed (n=50). The control group accepted drug withdrawal immediately, while the observed group accepted dose tapering gradually after a 12-week treatment course. The frequency of enuresis was observed three months after complete drug withdrawal. RESULTS: During the treatment, the frequency of enuresis in all of children from both the control and the observed groups was reduced by over 90%. Forty-six children (92%) from the observed group showed the frequency of enuresis was reduced by over 90%, but 28 children (60%) from the control group (P<0.01) three months after the complete drug withdrawal. There were no significant differences in the adverse effect and the medication compliance between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: The different schedules of drug withdrawal may lead to different prognosis, and the schedule of gradual drug withdrawal may be superior to the immediate one in children with nocturnal enuresis.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):198-200］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 198-200 [Abstract] ( 4873 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 946KB] ( 1446 )
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
201 LI Ke-Fang, DU Kai-Xian, JIANG Yue-Xing, DONG Xue-Lei, ZHANG Yan
NMDAR expression in the cochlear nucleus and hearing damage in neonatal rats with hyperbilirubinemia
ObjectiveTo study the role of N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor (NMDAR) expression in the development of hearing damage in neonatal rats with hyperbilirubinemia. METHODS: Sixty seven-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly injected with bilirubin of 100 μg/g (low-dose treatment group) or 200 μg/g (high-dose treatment group) or normal saline (control group). Auditory brainstem response (ABR) was examined. The concentrations of bilirubin in blood and brain were measured. NMDAR expression in the cochlear nucleus slices was examined by immunohistochemistry assay. RESULTS: ABR reflecting threshold obviously increased, and I, II and III wave latency as well as I-II, II-III and I-III interval were more prolonged in the two bilirubin treatment groups when compared with the control group. The NMDAR expression in the cochlear nucleuse in the two bilirubin treatment groups was obviously lower than that in the control group. The NMDAR expression in the cochlear nucleuse was negatively correlated with the brain bilirubin content and the ABR reflecting threshold in the two bilirubin treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: An increased NMDAR activity may play an important role in hearing damage following hyperbilirubinemia.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):201-204］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 201-204 [Abstract] ( 5085 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1152KB] ( 1290 )
205 WANG Hai-Ping, LI Guang-Qian
Protection of edravone on neurons and its effects on the expression of interleukin-lβ in juvenile rat hippocampus following status convulsion
OBJECTIVE: To study the possible protection of edaravone on neurons of the hippocampus after status convulsion (SC) and its effects on the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-lβ) in juvenile rats. METHODS: One hundred and ninety-five juvenile male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: SC, edaravone pretreatment and normal saline control (control group). Each group was subdivided into five groups sacrificed at 4, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs after SC induction. SC model was prepared using lithium-pilocarpine. The edaravone pretreatment group received edaravone by intraperitoneal injection once daily three days before convulsion induction. Histopathologic changes in the hippocampus were viewed under a light microscope and an electron microscope. Expression of apoptosis cells was observed by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). Expression of IL-lβ protein was determined by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Under the electron microscrope, a small quantity of neurons showed karyopycnosis and endocytoplasmic reticulum (ER) expanded remarkably 24 hrs after SC induction; at 48 hrs the ER expanding was alleviated somewhat but mitochomdria swelling was more severe. The edaravone pretreatment group showed less severe neuronal changes compared with the SC group under the microscopes. The TUNEL positive cells in the hippocampus of the SC group were significantly more than those of the control group 12 hrs, and peaked at 48 hrs after SC induction. The edaravone pretreatment group showed decreased TUNEL positive cells in the hippocampus compared with the SC group, although the positive cells were more than those in the control group between 12 and 48 hrs after SC induction. The immunohistochemistry assay demonstrated that the expression of IL-lβ in the hippocampus of the SC group increased significantly compared with that of the control group 12, 24, 48 and 72 hrs after SC induction. Edaravone pretreatment resulted in a significantly decreased IL-lβ expression in the hippocampus as compared with the SC group. CONCLUSIONS: Edaravone pretreatment may decrease the IL-1β expression and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus. This suggests that edaravone may have protective effects against the hippocampal damage caused by SC.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):205-210］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 205-210 [Abstract] ( 6130 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1618KB] ( 1595 )
211 BO Tao, YI Lu, WANG Tuan-Mei, LI Jian, LI Xing-Fang, MAO Ding-An
Effect of magnesium-free on glucocorticoid receptor expression in primary cultured cortical neurons of fetal rats in vitro
OBJECTIVE: To study the changes of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in embryonic rat cortical neurons exposed to transient Mg2+-free treatment. METHODS: Six days after rat cortical neuronal cultures, two groups were created based on the medium to which were transiently exposed. The control group was exposed to a physiological solution (PS), and the Mg2+-free group was exposed to the same medium as the control group except for the removal of magnesium. The expression of GR mRNA and protein was determined by real-time PCR and immunocytochemistry staining 1, 7 and 12 days after transient Mg2+-free treatment. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the Mg2+-free group displayed the significantly less accumulated optical density (AOD) of GR immunoreactivity 12 days after transient Mg2+-free treatment (P<0.05). On the contrary, GR mRNA expression increased significantly 1 and 7 days after transient Mg2+-free treatment in the Mg2+-free group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: GR expression is modified following Mg-free-induced injury in cultured developing neurons in rats.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):211-214］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 211-214 [Abstract] ( 5155 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1103KB] ( 1418 )
215 LUAN Bin, HUANG Xian-Jie, QIAO Jun-Ying
Expression of stromal cell derived factor-1 and CXC chemokine receptor 4 and the effects of budesonide on their expression in mice with asthma
OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of stromal cell derived factor-1(SDF-1) and CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) in the airway and the effect of budesonide on their expression in mice with asthma. METHODS: Thirty BALB/c male mices were randomly divided into three groups: placebo control, untreated asthma, and budesonide-treated asthma. The asthma group were induced by intraperitoneal injection of 10% ovalbumin (OVA ) on days 1, 8 and 15, and then from days 22 to 34, challenged by inhalation of 2% OVA aerosol every other day. The budesonide-treated asthma group received an inhalation of budesonide (1 mg ) before OVA challenge. The pathological changes of the airway were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The immunohistochemistry was used to estimate the expression of SDF-1 in the lung. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the expression of CXCR4 in the lung. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, SDF-1 and CXCR4 expression in the lung in the untreated asthma group increased significantly (P<0.05). The budesonide-treated asthma group demonstrated significantly decreased SDF-1 (0.426±0.052 vs 0.361±0.065; P<0.05) and CXCR4 (0.829±0.027 vs 0.723±0.094; P<0.05) expression in the lung as compared with the untreated asthma group. Both SDF-1 (r=0.744, P<0.01) and CXCR4 (r=0.553, P<0.01）were positively correlated with the thickness of the airway wall. CONCLUSIONS: SDF-1 and CXCR4 may be associated with airway remodeling in mice with asthma. Budesonide can improve airway remodeling, possibly by decreasing the expression of SDF-1 and CXCR4.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):215-218］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 215-218 [Abstract] ( 5615 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1209KB] ( 1406 )
219 FENG Jie, DENG Chun, YU Jia-Lin, GUO Chun-Bao, ZHAO Qian-Qian
Expression of high mobility group protein-B1 in mice with hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of hyperoxia exposure on high mobility group protein-B1 (HMGB1) expression in neonatal mice and the role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were randomly exposed to 60% O2 or air 1 day after birth. BPD was induced by 60% O2 exposure. The pulmonary tissue samples were harvested 3, 7 and 14 days after exposure. The pathologic changes of pulmonary tissues were observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, Masson staining and radical alveolar count. The expression of HMGB1 protein in lungs was detected by immunofluorescence. The expression of HMGB1 mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. RESULTS: In the BPD group, the lungs developed decreased alceolar septation, swollen alveolar epithelium, stroma edema, interstitial fibrosis and developmental lag when compared with the control group. These changes became more obvious with more prolonged hyperoxia exposure. The expression of HMGB1 protein and mRNA 7 and 14 days after exposure increased significantly in the BPD group compared with that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Hyperoxia exposure results in an increase in lung HMGB1 expression. The increased HMGB1 expression may be associated with the development of BPD.［Chin J Contemp Pediatr, 2010, 12 (3):219-223］
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 219-223 [Abstract] ( 6045 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1768KB] ( 1463 )
CLINICAL EXPERIENCE
224 ZHANG Ge-Xiang, SONG Jian-Gen, MA En-He, MA Jian-Hua, LI Hong-Mei, WANG Yu, LU Ke-Xing
Prevalence of anemia in children between 3 and 6 years old from Huining, Gansu

No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 224-225 [Abstract] ( 4049 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 933KB] ( 1400 )
226 ZHAO Sheng-Kui
Nosal continuous positive airway pressure for the treatment of severe pneumonia in children from the plateau area: clinical analysis of 47 cases

No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 226-227 [Abstract] ( 4278 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 929KB] ( 1696 )
228 HU Jing-Wei, YANG Ling, ZHENG Cheng-Ning, WANG Kun-Di, WANG Ping, ZHOU Zhong-Shu
Clinical characteristics of children with Kawasaki disease complicated by coronary artery lesions

No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 228-230 [Abstract] ( 4418 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1006KB] ( 1319 )
230 ZHANG Gao-Ping, LIU Jian-Mei, CHEN Qiang, LI Lan, LI Jian, ZHU Xiao-Hua, WU Ai-Min, HU Ci-Lang, HU Hua-Feng
Application of bronchoscopy in 354 children

No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 230-232 [Abstract] ( 3742 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 995KB] ( 1435 )
CASE REPORT
233 LIU Xin-Feng, ZHANG Zhong-Ping, ZHANG Tao, SHUAI Jin-Feng, NIU Bo, WU Fang
A case report of obesity hypoventilation syndrome

No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 233-233 [Abstract] ( 4526 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 906KB] ( 1355 )
234 CHEN Hong-Bing, XU Fei, WANG Hui-Yun, ZHU Jun
Misdiagnosis of disseminated cryptococcosis neoformens as histoplasmosis in a child

No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 234-235 [Abstract] ( 3627 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1042KB] ( 1367 )
236 HUANG Qiu-Mei, YOU Ai-Ping, LI Yan-Hua
Vecuronium as an adjunct treatment for neonatal tetanus: case report of 2 child

No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 236-237 [Abstract] ( 3991 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 919KB] ( 1347 )
REVIEW
238 FU Tao-Ran, WANG Xin-Li, TONG Xiao-Mei, WANG Xue-Mei
Related factors of insulin sensitivity in infants

No abstract available
2010 Vol. 12 (03): 238-240 [Abstract] ( 3924 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 947KB] ( 1278 )
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