Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome: report of seven cases
LIU Qing-Hua, PENG Li, HUANG Han, DENG Liang-Ji, ZHONG Li-Li
Pediatric Medical Center, First Hospital Affiliated to Hunan Normal University/Hunan Provincial People's Hospital/Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease, Changsha 410005, China
Abstract Objective To summarize the clinical data of 7 children with activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS) and enhance understanding of the disease. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 7 APDS children admitted to Hunan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2019 to August 2023. Results Among the 7 children (4 males, 3 females), the median age of onset was 30 months, and the median age at diagnosis was 101 months. Recurrent respiratory tract infections, hepatosplenomegaly, and multiple lymphadenopathy were observed in all 7 cases. Sepsis was observed in 5 cases, otitis media and multiple caries were observed in 3 cases, and diarrhea and joint pain were observed in 2 cases. Lymphoma and systemic lupus erythematosus were observed in 1 case each. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy was performed in 4 cases, revealing scattered nodular protrusions in the bronchial lumen. The most common respiratory pathogen was Streptococcus pneumoniae (4 cases). Six patients had a p.E1021K missense mutation, and one had a p.434-475del splice site mutation. Conclusions p.E1021K is the most common mutation site in APDS children. Children who present with one or more of the following symptoms: recurrent respiratory tract infections, hepatosplenomegaly, multiple lymphadenopathy, otitis media, and caries, and exhibit scattered nodular protrusions on fiberoptic bronchoscopy, should be vigilant for APDS. Citation:Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics, 2024, 26(5): 499-505
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